Da empatia ao algoritmo: a cognição social frente à inteligência artificial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2025.v15.1504Palavras-chave:
cognição social, inteligência artificial, interação humano-máquina, solidão, psiquiatria socialResumo
Introdução: O avanço da inteligência artificial (IA) tem remodelado profundamente as interações humanas, suscitando questões sobre sua relação com a cognição social, a capacidade de perceber, interpretar e responder a estados mentais alheios. Objetivo: Analisar a relação bidirecional entre cognição social e IA, abordando os desafios na modelagem computacional da inteligência social humana e os potenciais impactos da interação com máquinas inteligentes sobre o enfrentamento ou agravamento da solidão. Método: Artigo de opinião fundamentado em revisão narrativa da literatura, com análise de estudos empíricos e teóricos sobre neurociência social, interação humano-robô e manejo da solidão por meio de tecnologias de IA. Resultados: A complexidade da cognição social humana permanece como principal desafio para naturalização das IAs. Evidências neurocientíficas revelam padrões distintos de ativação cerebral na interação com agentes corporificados versus não-corporificados, sugerindo hierarquia nas funções cognitivas sociais. Tecnologias de IA demonstram potencial terapêutico no manejo da solidão, mas também riscos de amplificação desse fenômeno. Conclusão: A análise da interação humano-IA fornece insights valiosos sobre os mecanismos neurais da cognição social, evidenciando que o processo imaginativo interpessoal permanece como característica distintivamente humana. O uso clínico de IAs requer consideração cuidadosa de suas limitações e potenciais efeitos paradoxais.
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