Manifestações psiquiátricas da encefalite autoimune
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2023.v13.1123Palavras-chave:
doenças autoimunes do sistema nervoso, encefalite autoimune, catatonia, psicopatologia, neuropsiquiatria, imunopsiquiatriaResumo
Introdução: Os sintomas neuropsiquiátricos devidos a doenças autoimunes cerebrais são cada vez mais reconhecidos e relatados. Objetivos: Nós objetivamos fornecer uma revisão da encefalopatia autoimune, como um modelo de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos diretamente relacionados a um processo autoimune, que seja útil para a prática psiquiátrica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa, adequada para retratar o estado de arte e atualização do conhecimento sobre as manifestações psiquiátricas da encefalite autoimune. Resultados e Discussão: As apresentações clínicas das encefalites autoimunes tendem a ser uma mistura de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos e somáticos. Declínio cognitivo rápido e inexplicável, psicose, catatonia, e delirium estão entre os sintomas mais comuns. A catatonia ocorre em aproximadamente 1/3 dos casos, com predominância de sintomas hipocinéticos. As anormalidades eletroencefalográficas e liquóricas são usualmente inespecíficas, complicando mais o diagnóstico diferencial. Apenas em 30% dos casos ocorrem anormalidades na ressonância magnética. Conclusão: Os psiquiatras são cruciais na identificação, diagnóstico e cuidado de indivíduos com doenças como a encefalite autoimune e no tratamento de sequelas neurocomportamentais de longo prazo.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Leonardo Caixeta, Frederico Moraes Cardoso Marques, Iron Dangoni Filho, Ciro Mendes Vargas, Denise Sisterolli Diniz, Victor de Melo Caixeta, Leonardo Baldaçara
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