Fatores associados à dependência de smartphone: uma revisão da literatura

Autores

  • Julia Machado Khoury Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG; Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana, Vespasiano, MG; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG.
  • João Pedro Sousa Drumond Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana, Vespasiano, MG.
  • Letícia Lopes de Carvalho e Silva Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana, Vespasiano, MG.
  • Mariane da Silva Melo Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG.
  • Mariane da Silva Melo Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG.
  • Ananda Araujo Teixeira Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG; INCT de Medicina Molecular, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG.
  • Maila de Castro Lourenço das Neves Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG.3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG. 4 INCT de Medicina Molecular, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG; INCT de Medicina Molecular, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG.
  • Frederico Duarte Garcia Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG; INCT de Medicina Molecular, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG; Unité Inserm U1073, Rouen, França. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-9053

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2020.v10.27

Palavras-chave:

Dependência de smartphone, dependências tecnológicas, dependências comportamentais

Resumo

Conhecer melhor o que se chama de dependência de smartphone (DS) é importante para a prática clínica. Nos últimos 10 anos, um corpo de evidências clínicas e epidemiológicas foi produzido em vários países. Esses estudos apontam fatores sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida, transtornos psiquiátricos e traços de personalidade associados à DS. Contudo, não há estudos de revisão que sintetizem os resultados. Objetivamos revisar a literatura sobre os fatores associados à DS. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO. Restringimos a busca aos artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Excluímos revisões de literatura, estudos pré-clínicos e opiniões de especialistas. Na fase final, selecionamos 42 artigos. Os fatores sociodemográficos associados à DS foram sexo feminino, idade entre 18 e 25 anos e alta renda familiar. Os hábitos de vida foram cronótipo noturno, baixa atividade física e sedentarismo. Os conteúdos mais associados à DS foram as redes sociais. As síndromes de dependência mais associadas à DS foram as relacionadas ao álcool e tecnológicas. Os transtornos e/ou sintomas psiquiátricos associados foram os transtornos depressivos e ansiosos, o estresse e a insônia. Por fim, os traços de personalidade associados foram alta impulsividade, alta agressividade, baixa autoestima, personalidade do tipo A e personalidade multitarefa. Existe um corpo de evidências que mostra semelhanças entre os achados epidemiológicos encontrados para a DS e para outras formas de dependência. Mais estudos são necessários para aprofundar o nosso conhecimento sobre esse tema.

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2020-09-30

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Khoury JM, Drumond JPS, Silva LL de C e, Melo M da S, Melo M da S, Teixeira AA, Neves M de CL das, Garcia FD. Fatores associados à dependência de smartphone: uma revisão da literatura. Debates em Psiquiatria [Internet]. 30º de setembro de 2020 [citado 19º de abril de 2024];10(3):34-57. Disponível em: https://revistardp.org.br/revista/article/view/27

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v. 10 n. 3 (2020)

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Artigos de Revisão

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Creative Commons License

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Debates em Psiquiatria permite que o (s) autor (es) mantenha(m) seus direitos autorais sem restrições. Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0) - Debates em Psiquiatria é regida pela licença CC-BY-NC

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