Tratamento nutricional no transtorno alimentar restritivo evitativo: uma revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2023.v13.453Palavras-chave:
transtorno da evitação ou restrição da ingestão de alimentos, neofobia alimentar, transtorno alimentar restritivo evitativo, TARE, transtorno alimentarResumo
O Transtorno Alimentar Restritivo Evitativo (TARE) consiste em uma perturbação na alimentação ou forma de comer, como uma aparente falta de interesse pela comida, evitação dos alimentos de acordo com determinadas características sensoriais e preocupação com consequências aversivas do comer, levando a uma incapacidade persistente em atender às necessidades nutricionais do organismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e analisar os estudos, que abordam sobre o tratamento nutricional do TARE, com o intuito de auxiliar o profissional de nutrição na condução do tratamento adequado. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo utilizando como critérios de inclusão: tratamento, manejo e/ou gestão, cujo foco principal fosse tratamento nutricional da doença. Foram encontrados 163 artigos, desses somente 21 estudos foram incluídos na síntese interpretativa. O ano com o maior número de publicações foi 2019. Dentre os principais resultados, destacamos a necessidade de tratamento por uma equipe multidisciplinar treinada em transtornos alimentares, incluindo o profissional de nutrição, garantindo que o paciente tenha acesso à combinação médica, dietética e psicológica com maiores chances de sucesso e recuperação da saúde. Várias lacunas para trabalhos futuros foram encontradas, incluindo validação de instrumentos para avaliação do TARE; caracterização e diferenciação da doença em relação a anorexia nervosa; sistematização do tratamento nutricional de acordo com cada subgrupo característico do transtorno e a obtenção de dados epidemiológicos mais robustos.
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