Directrices de la Asociación Brasileña de Psiquiatría para el manejo de la conducta suicida: líneas directas para la prevención del suicidio

traducción revisada y ampliada de: https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2536

Autores/as

  • Leonardo Baldaçara Professor, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, UFT, Palmas, TO, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5201-8515
  • Roberta Rossi Grudtner Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, ABP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
  • César Augusto Trinta Weber Professor, Centro de Estudos José de Barros Falcão, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3499-3632
  • Miriam Elza Gorender Universidade Federal da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil
  • Sandra Paula Peu da Silva Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, ABP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
  • Ana Luiza Silva Teles Centro Universitário de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
  • Ives Cavalcante Passos Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6407-8219
  • João Quevedo Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
  • Antônio Geraldo da Silva Pós-Doutor em Medicina Molecular, Presidente, Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, ABP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3423-7076

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2024.v14.1264

Palabras clave:

Suicidio, suicidio consumado, intento de suicidio, desordenes mentales, guía

Resumen

El suicidio es un grave problema de salud pública con profundos impactos emocionales, sociales y económicos. Este artículo aborda tres estrategias esenciales para abordar este tema: posvención, prevención y promoción de la salud mental. La posvención implica intervenciones después de un suicidio, ofreciendo apoyo a los afectados para mitigar el trauma y prevenir más casos. Los programas de apoyo psicológico y los grupos de ayuda mutua son eficaces para reducir el impacto negativo en las familias y comunidades. La prevención consiste en identificar y reducir los factores de riesgo ante los intentos de suicidio. Esto incluye detección de riesgos, intervenciones psicoterapéuticas, tratamiento farmacológico y campañas educativas que promuevan la conciencia y reduzcan el estigma de los trastornos mentales. La formación de profesionales de la salud y la educación es crucial para la detección e intervención tempranas. La promoción de la salud mental tiene como objetivo fortalecer los factores protectores y mejorar el bienestar psicológico. Son fundamentales políticas públicas efectivas, el acceso a servicios de salud mental de calidad y la creación de entornos sociales y educativos que promuevan la resiliencia y el apoyo emocional. Las iniciativas incluyen programas de educación emocional en las escuelas y campañas de concientización comunitaria. Este artículo enfatiza la necesidad de un enfoque integrado que combine posvención, prevención y promoción para el manejo efectivo de la conducta suicida, presentando evidencia y recomendaciones para la práctica clínica y la implementación en políticas de salud pública.

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Biografía del autor/a

Leonardo Baldaçara, Professor, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, UFT, Palmas, TO, Brasil

Roberta Rossi Grudtner , Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, ABP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

César Augusto Trinta Weber, Professor, Centro de Estudos José de Barros Falcão, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

Miriam Elza Gorender, Universidade Federal da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brasil

Sandra Paula Peu da Silva, Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, ABP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Ana Luiza Silva Teles, Centro Universitário de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil

Ives Cavalcante Passos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil

João Quevedo, Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA

Antônio Geraldo da Silva, Pós-Doutor em Medicina Molecular, Presidente, Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, ABP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Citas

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Publicado

2024-07-08

Cómo citar

1.
Baldaçara L, Grudtner RR, Weber CAT, Gorender ME, Silva SPP da, Teles ALS, et al. Directrices de la Asociación Brasileña de Psiquiatría para el manejo de la conducta suicida: líneas directas para la prevención del suicidio: traducción revisada y ampliada de: https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2536. Debates Psiquiatr. [Internet]. 8 de julio de 2024 [citado 4 de junio de 2026];14:1-23. Disponible en: https://revistardp.org.br/revista/article/view/1264

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