Prevalencia de trastornos psiquiátricos después de la cirugía bariátrica: una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2023.v13.651Palabras clave:
obesidad, cirugía bariátrica, salud mentalResumen
Introducción: ante la epidemia mundial de obesidad, la cirugía bariátrica presenta un papel relevante en la mejora de los trastornos clínicos y en la calidad de vida de los pacientes obesos. Sin embargo, es necesario analizar las condiciones psiquiátricas agravadas o iniciadas después del procedimiento. Objetivos: presentar las principales alteraciones psiquiátricas en pacientes sometidos a cirugía bariátrica. Metodología: se realizó una revisión sistemática, con una encuesta de 24 artículos, publicados entre 2019 y 2023, seguida de una revisión narrativa de los estudios referenciados por los artículos seleccionados. Resultados: los trastornos psiquiátricos son frecuentes en pacientes posbariátricos. Específicamente, existe una mayor prevalencia de trastornos por uso de sustancias, principalmente trastornos del alcohol, del estado de ánimo y de la alimentación. Conclusión: es necesario identificar y abordar adecuadamente tales condiciones, en vista del potencial efecto nocivo tanto en los resultados de la cirugía como en la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Mariana Medeiros Reis, Luiz Antônio Coppini Júnior
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