Fatores de risco e prevenção do suicídio em adolescentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2025.v15.1370Palavras-chave:
ideação suicida, comportamento de risco, Adolescente, suicídioResumo
Introdução: O suicídio, uma das principais causas de morte, afeta especialmente crianças e adolescentes, sendo precedido por ideação e tentativas. Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre fatores de risco para o suicídio e destacar a importância da conscientização e das estratégias preventivas para a redução da incidência de suicídio. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com pesquisa em artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024 na base de dados PubMed. Resultados: Os estudos analisaram 20.317 estudantes, principalmente adolescentes de 15-16 anos, utilizando métodos variados como ensaios clínicos e intervenções de grupo. Algumas intervenções mostraram reduções significativas na ideação suicida, enquanto outras, não tiveram impacto nas tentativas de suicídio ou automutilação. Intervenções eficazes incluíram programas de resiliência e triagem precoce, especialmente em contextos escolares, evidenciando a importância de abordagens adaptadas para adolescentes. Conclusão: Identificar e gerenciar fatores de risco, como transtornos mentais e desesperança, é essencial para prevenir o suicídio em adolescentes. As intervenções são eficazes, embora sua eficácia possa variar em diferentes contextos.
Downloads
Métricas
Referências
1. Zheng W, Gao L, Fan Y, Wang C, Liu Y, Tian F, Yi M, Peng X, Liu C. Identification of risk factors for attempted suicide by self-poisoning and a nomogram to predict self-poisoning suicide. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1106454. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1106454 PMID:36969682 - PMCID:PMC10031109
2. Grant JB, Batterham PJ, McCallum SM, Werner-Seidler A, Calear AL. Specific anxiety and depression symptoms are risk factors for the onset of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in youth. J Affect Disord. 2023;327:299-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.024 PMID:36764362
3. Esposito-Smythers C, Wolff JC, Liu RT, Hunt JI, Adams L, Kim K, Frazier EA, Yen S, Dickstein DP, Spirito A. Family-focused cognitive behavioral treatment for depressed adolescents in suicidal crisis with co-occurring risk factors: a randomized trial. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2019;60(10):1133-41. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13095 PMID:31328281 - PMCID:PMC6742562
4. Abbott CH, Zisk A, Herres J, Diamond GS, Ewing SK, Kobak R. Exploring the relations between interpersonal risk and adolescent suicidality during treatment. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2021;89(6):528-36. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000656 PMID:34264700 - PMCID:PMC8363156
5. Sekhar DL, Batra E, Schaefer EW, Walker-Harding LR, Pattison KL, Molinari A, Rosen P, Kraschnewski JL, Waxmonsky JG. Adolescent suicide risk screening: a secondary analysis of the SHIELD randomized clinical trial. J Pediatr. 2022;251:172-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.07.036 PMID:35944722 - PMCID:PMC10249009
6. Berk MS, Gallop R, Asarnow JR, Adrian M, Avina C, Hughes JL, Korslund KE, McCauley E. Trajectories of treatment response and nonresponse in youth at high risk for suicide. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022;61(9):1119-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.01.010 PMID:35122952 - PMCID:PMC9343478
7. Whipple CR, Robinson WL, Flack CE, Jason LA, Keenan K. Longitudinal patterns and predictors of suicidal ideation in African American adolescents. Am J Community Psychol. 2023;71(3-4):453-64. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12663 PMID:37042796 - PMCID:PMC11103682
8. Godwin JW; Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group. The fast track intervention's impact on behaviors of despair in adolescence and young adulthood. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020;117(50):31748-53. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016234117 PMID:33262281 - PMCID:PMC7749361
9. Grosselli L, Knappe S, Baumgärtel J, Lewitzka U, Hoyer J. Addressing help-seeking, stigma and risk factors for suicidality in secondary schools: short-term and mid-term effects of the HEYLiFE suicide prevention program in a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2024;24:113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-17557-9 PMID:38191336 - PMCID:PMC10773084
10. Grummitt LR, Debenham J, Kelly E, Barrett EL, Champion K, Conrod P, Teesson M, Newton N. Selective personality-targeted prevention of suicidal ideation in young adolescents: post hoc analysis of data collected in a cluster randomised controlled trial. Med J Aust. 2022;216(10):525-9. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51536 PMID:35568380 - PMCID:PMC9542662
11. Baggio S, Nsingi N, Kanani A, Bourqui L, Graglia M, Thélin R. Evaluation of a brief universal suicide prevention programme in young people: a cluster-controlled trial in Swiss schools. Swiss Med Wkly. 2022;152:w30207. https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2022.w30207 PMID:35964309
12. Hart LM, Morgan AJ, Rossetto A, Kelly CM, Gregg K, Gross M, Johnson C, Jorm AF. teen Mental Health First Aid: 12-month outcomes from a cluster crossover randomized controlled trial evaluation of a universal program to help adolescents better support peers with a mental health problem. BMC Public Health. 2022;22:1159. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13554-6 PMID:35681130 - PMCID:PMC9185965
13. O'Keefe VM, Haroz EE, Goklish N, Ivanich J; Celebrating Life Team; Cwik MF, Barlow A. Employing a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) to evaluate the impact of brief risk and protective factor prevention interventions for American Indian Youth Suicide. BMC Public Health. 2019;19:1675. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7996-2 PMID:31830933 - PMCID:PMC6909588
14. Yen S, Spirito A, Weinstock LM, Tezanos K, Kolobaric A, Miller I. Coping long term with active suicide in adolescents: results from a pilot randomized controlled trial. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2019;24(4):847-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104519843956 PMID:31064203 - PMCID:PMC11209847
15. Tracey M, Finkelstein Y, Schachter R, Cleverley K, Monga S, Barwick M, Szatmari P, Moretti ME, Willan A, Henderson J, Korczak DJ. Recruitment of adolescents with suicidal ideation in the emergency department: lessons from a randomized controlled pilot trial of a youth suicide prevention intervention. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2020;20:231. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-020-01117-5 PMID:32928140 - PMCID:PMC7490899
16. Waraan L, Rognli EW, Czajkowski NO, Mehlum L, Aalberg M. Efficacy of attachment-based family therapy compared to treatment as usual for suicidal ideation in adolescents with MDD. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2021;26(2):464-74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104520980776 PMID:33349055 - PMCID:PMC8041448
17. Busby DR, King CA, Brent D, Grupp-Phelan J, Gould M, Page K, Casper TC; Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). Adolescents' engagement with crisis hotline risk-management services: a report from the emergency department screen for teen suicide risk (ED-STARS) study. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2020;50(1):72-82. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12558 PMID:31152463 - PMCID:PMC8788931
18. Ashworth E, McCarthy M, Wynne S, Robinson J, McKay S, Lane S, Richardson G, Boardman N, Henderson K, Crosbie V, Humphrey N, York S, Michail M, Hart D, Clacy D, Jalota M, Saini P. Study protocol for the Multimodal Approach to Preventing Suicide in Schools (MAPSS) project: a regionally based feasibility trial of an integrated response to suicide risk among UK secondary school pupils. PLoS One. 2024;19(7):e0302873. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302873 PMID: 39058694; PMCID: PMC11280149
19. Czyz EK, King CA, Prouty D, Micol VJ, Walton M, Nahum-Shani I. Adaptive intervention for prevention of adolescent suicidal behavior after hospitalization: a pilot sequential multiple assignment randomized trial. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2021;62(8):1019-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13383 PMID:33590475 - PMCID:PMC10044463
20. Wu Q, Zhang J, Walsh L, Slesnick N. Heterogeneous trajectories of suicidal ideation among homeless youth: predictors and suicide-related outcomes. Dev Psychopathol. 2023;35(4):1671-83. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579422000372 PMID:35440358 - PMCID:PMC9582044
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Fernando Pereira Baía, Luhana da Silva Domingues, Tainá Leonel de Freitas Alves, Nadja Medeiros Cunha de Melo Oliveira
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Debates em Psiquiatria permite que o (s) autor (es) mantenha(m) seus direitos autorais sem restrições. Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0) - Debates em Psiquiatria é regida pela licença CC-BY-NC
