Consequências da síndrome de burnout entre médicos: revisão narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2025.v15.1474Palavras-chave:
Esgotamento Profissional, Médicos, Saúde Mental, Saúde Ocupacional, síndrome burnoutResumo
Introdução: Síndrome de burnout (SB) é um fenômeno ocupacional prevalente entre médicos, caracterizado por exaustão emocional, sensação de ineficácia e despersonalização, com repercussões físicas e emocionais relevantes. Objetivos: Analisar as consequências da síndrome de burnout na vida pessoal e profissional de médicos, identificando também fatores associados e estratégias de enfrentamento relatadas na literatura. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão narrativa da literatura utilizando os descritores “burnout”, “médicos” e “esgotamento profissional”. Resultados: Foram selecionados 32 artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2025, complementados por referências clássicas do tema. Discussão: Os estudos evidenciam que a síndrome de burnout é altamente prevalente entre médicos e afeta negativamente a vida pessoal, comprometendo o bem-estar emocional, as relações familiares e sociais. No âmbito profissional, associa-se ao maior risco de erros médicos, diminuição da qualidade do cuidado, ao absenteísmo e à maior intenção de abandono da carreira, com impacto econômico para os sistemas de saúde devido à rotatividade de profissionais. Entre os fatores associados, destacam-se sobrecarga de trabalho, más condições institucionais, violência laboral e desigualdade de gênero. Estratégias de enfrentamento descritas incluem suporte psicológico, intervenções institucionais e o uso de ferramentas digitais, embora medidas individuais isoladas mostrem baixa efetividade. Conclusão: A síndrome de burnout em médicos compromete a saúde pessoal, a qualidade da assistência e a eficiência institucional. Sua prevenção exige não apenas ações individuais, mas também medidas estruturais e institucionais de promoção do bem-estar.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Mariza Corrêa Petrini, Bruna Vieira Andrade, Luiz Alexandre Viana Magno
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