Contaminação mental no transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo: revisão da literatura e orientações para a pesquisa e a clínica durante a pandemia da Covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2236-918X-10-2-5Palavras-chave:
Transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo, contaminação mental, COVID-19Resumo
É possível se contaminar através do pensamento? Objetivamente não; subjetivamente, porém, não se pode dizer o mesmo. O construto “contaminação mental” ainda é muito pouco estudado e, principalmente, pouco difundido na literatura em língua portuguesa. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste artigo foi revisar os estudos que relacionaram a contaminação mental ao transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) ao longo dos últimos 5 anos. A busca foi realizada através das bases de dados PubMed, MEDLINE e PsycINFO, e após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, seis estudos foram revisados integralmente. Com base na análise das amostras utilizadas, dos instrumentos adotados, dos resultados encontrados e das limitações informadas pelos autores de cada estudo, concluímos que: 1) poucos estudos contemplaram tanto uma população clínica como uma não clínica; 2) o Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory-Mental Contamination foi o instrumento mais utilizado para mensurar a contaminação mental; 3) a contaminação mental tem relação com outros fenômenos que também fazem parte do TOC (como a propensão ao nojo); e 4) os estudos apresentam, comumente, limitações relacionadas à amostra. Ao final, apresentamos os passos necessários para incentivar a pesquisa científica brasileira acerca da contaminaçãomental, bem como estratégias que os profissionais da saúde mental podem adotar para orientar pacientes com TOC, durante o período da pandemia, visando reduzir a suscetibilidade à contaminação mental.
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