Fatores associados a comportamentos de risco na adolescência: uma revisão sistemática
PDF em inglês: http://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0835
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2022.v12.467Palavras-chave:
comportamento adolescente, adolescência, fatores de risco, comportamento de riscoResumo
Objetivo: Compreender os fatores distais (≤ 6 anos de idade) e proximais (entre 6 anos de idade e início da adolescência) no comportamento de risco do adolescente é importante para prevenir e reduzir a morbimortalidade dessa população. Este estudo procurou investigar os fatores associados aos seguintes comportamentos de risco do adolescente: i) agressividade e violência; ii) uso de tabaco, álcool e substâncias ilícitas; iii) comportamento depressivo e automutilação (incluindo ideação e tentativas de suicídio); iv) comportamento sexual de risco; e v) múltiplos comportamentos de risco. Métodos: Uma revisão sistemática foi conduzida para identificar estudos longitudinais que examinaram fatores associados com comportamentos de risco do adolescente. Realizou-se buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, PsycINFO e LILACS. Resultados: Dos 249 estudos incluídos, 23% relataram fatores de risco distais, enquanto o restante relatou fatores de risco proximais. Os fatores de risco foram relacionados a características sociodemográficas (vizinhança, escola e pares), padrões familiares e presença de outros comportamentos de risco do adolescente. Conclusão: Fatores distais e proximais no comportamento de risco do adolescente que não sejam exclusivamente socioeconômicos, familiares, ambientais ou sociais devem ser explorados mais a fundo.
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