Trabalho noturno e o risco de sintomas psiquiátricos: uma comparação entre o trabalho noturno rotativo e o diurno

Autores

  • André Rodrigues da Cunha Barreto-Vianna Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR, Palotina, PR, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-3163
  • Luana Cariello de Sá Queiroz Rocha Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Universitário Christus, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4420-7893
  • Letícia Rocha Macambira Albuquerque Graduanda, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Universitário Christus, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1084-435X
  • Matheus Girão Bezerra de Oliveira Nogueira Graduando, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Universitário Christus, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, CE , Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4544-7741
  • Sarah Gurgel Ponte Fontenelle Graduanda, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Fortaleza, UNIFOR, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
  • Gabriela Braga Cabrera Mano Residente de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5069-8086
  • Ana Beatriz Penazzi Magalhães Porto Graduanda, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Universitário Unifacisa, UNIFACISA, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6995-4588
  • Júlio César Claudino dos Santos Pesquisador, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Morfofuncionais, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6543-481X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2023.v13.701

Palavras-chave:

trabalho noturno, sintomas psiquiátricos, sono, jornada de trabalho em turnos, perturbação do ritmo circadiano, depressão, ansiedade, transtorno bipolar, esquizofrenia

Resumo

Introdução: O sono é controlado por uma interação entre os osciladores circadianos e homeostáticos que ditam a vigília e o estado de sono de acordo com o ciclo claro/escuro. Atualmente, os horários de dormir e acordar são influenciados pelas condições sociais como escola, horário de trabalho e turnos de trabalho, essa interrupção do ciclo circadiano pode influenciar negativamente no comportamento físico e mental da população. O trabalho em turnos está diretamente associado a transtornos psiquiátricos, como ansiedade, depressão, irritabilidade e nervosismo. Objetivo e Método: Diante dos impactos socioeconômicos e prejuízos à saúde mental do indivíduo gerados pelo trabalho em turnos, esta revisão teve como objetivo, com base na análise de artigos científicos publicados no período de 2012 a 2022, avaliar o impacto do trabalho noturno na saúde mental em comparação com o típico trabalho em turnos do dia-a-dia. Resultados e Conclusão: O trabalho por turnos é uma organização laboral significativa que emprega 10-30% da força de trabalho, mas perturba os horários de sono, levando a um desalinhamento entre o ritmo circadiano do indivíduo e o ambiente. Embora seja difícil estabelecer relações causais entre o trabalho em turnos e os efeitos na saúde, a restrição do sono e as alterações nos ritmos comportamentais são fatores de risco para transtornos psiquiátricos. O gerenciamento da exposição individual é vital para preservar a saúde mental dos trabalhadores, especialmente considerando idade, sexo e cronotipo. No entanto, restrições operacionais podem dificultar a implementação em alguns locais de trabalho.

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Biografia do Autor

André Rodrigues da Cunha Barreto-Vianna, Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR, Palotina, PR, Brasil

Luana Cariello de Sá Queiroz Rocha, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Universitário Christus, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil

Letícia Rocha Macambira Albuquerque, Graduanda, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Universitário Christus, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil

Matheus Girão Bezerra de Oliveira Nogueira, Graduando, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Universitário Christus, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, CE , Brasil

Sarah Gurgel Ponte Fontenelle, Graduanda, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Fortaleza, UNIFOR, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil

Gabriela Braga Cabrera Mano, Residente de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

Ana Beatriz Penazzi Magalhães Porto, Graduanda, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro Universitário Unifacisa, UNIFACISA, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil

Júlio César Claudino dos Santos, Pesquisador, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Morfofuncionais, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil

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Barreto-Vianna AR da C, Rocha LC de SQ, Albuquerque LRM, Nogueira MGB de O, Fontenelle SGP, Mano GBC, Porto ABPM, Santos JCC dos. Trabalho noturno e o risco de sintomas psiquiátricos: uma comparação entre o trabalho noturno rotativo e o diurno. Debates em Psiquiatria [Internet]. 31º de agosto de 2023 [citado 9º de dezembro de 2024];13:1-22. Disponível em: https://revistardp.org.br/revista/article/view/701

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