Depressão, fatores psicossociais e exames laboratoriais de rotina em pessoas vivendo com HIV no nordeste do México: prevalência, correlações e associações
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2023.v13.921Palavras-chave:
depressão, carga viral, contagem de células CD4., HIVResumo
Introdução: A depressão é até cinco vezes mais prevalente em pessoas vivendo com HIV (PVHIV). Existem fatores neuro-hormonais, virológicos e psicossociais envolvidos, e está associada à falta de adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral, diminuição da expectativa de vida, progressão mais rápida para a SIDA e morte prematura. Estudos apoiam que, à medida que os níveis de CD4 diminuem e a carga viral (CV) aumenta, a depressão aumenta. Objetivo: Estabelecer se existe uma correlação e associação entre a CV e a contagem de CD4 com a depressão e seus sintomas em PVHIV. Método: Na clínica de doenças infecciosas, foi aplicado um questionário de variáveis sociodemográficas e o inventário de depressão de Beck (BDI), cujos resultados foram analisados utilizando o teste de Spearman (rs) e Qui-quadrado (X2) com os níveis de CV e CD4. Resultados: Foram incluídos 137 indivíduos, com idades entre 18 e 73 anos, dos quais 97 (70,8%) foram designados como homens ao nascer. A prevalência relatada de depressão foi de 25,5%. Foi encontrada uma correlação positiva entre a carga viral (CV) e a pontuação do BDI, e uma correlação negativa entre a pontuação do BDI e o CD4. Além disso, foi encontrada correlação entre a CV e sintomas depressivos, como culpa, desânimo e percepção da autoimagem. Esses sintomas estavam fortemente associados a desejos de morte, tentativas de suicídio anteriores e falta de adesão ao tratamento. Conclusão: A CV pode ter implicações na depressão e seus sintomas nessa população, sendo seu controle extremamente importante para prevenir episódios depressivos, comportamentos suicidas e prolongar a adesão ao tratamento.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Manuel Ángel Bermúdez Barrera, Ruth Cruz Santos , Abdías Alonso González, Juan Antonio Escobar Félix
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