Transtornos relacionados ao uso de álcool e as mulheres: impacto nos circuitos integrativos e de neurorregulação do estresse
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2236-918X-7-3-5Palavras-chave:
Álcool, mulheres, resposta ao estresse, diferenças entre os sexosResumo
Disfunções na resposta ao estresse podem exercer um importante papel em alguns transtornos mentais. Uma gama cada vez maior de estudos demonstra que existem diferenças entre os sexos na prevalência de transtornos relacionados ao estresse e que mulheres com transtornos por uso de álcool têm diferentes desfechos negativos no funcionamento cerebral e em mecanismos de neuroadaptação quando comparadas aos homens. O consumo de álcool tem sido associado a alterações sutis e em longo prazo no eixo hipotálamohipófise-adrenal, que afetam a resposta adaptativa nos circuitos de neurorregulação do estresse. Pesquisas futuras nesse campo podem impactar positivamente o desenvolvimento de estratégias terapêuticas que levem em consideração abordagens gênero-específicas.
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