Gut microbiota versus mental health: discoveries that could impact psychiatric treatment protocols
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2024.v14.1074Keywords:
intestinal microbiota, Mental Health, intestine, brain, psychobiotics, gastrointestinal microbiome, brain gut microbiome axisAbstract
Introduction: The discovery of bidirectional communication between the intestine and brain has sparked interest in understanding the role of the intestinal microbiota in regulating emotional processes. Objective: To analyze the mechanism of direct influence of the intestinal microbiota on the nervous system and point out possible challenges faced in the treatment strategy, addressing possible impacts on treatment protocols. Method: This is an integrative literature review research whose purpose was to gather and summarize the studies already published between the period 2013 and 2023 on the topic investigated in order to meet the proposed objectives. Results: Around 1,400 published articles were found, with a noticeable increase in the number of publications from 2012 onwards. After applying the inclusion criteria and discussing the articles found among the authors, 07 articles were selected that included at least one of the proposed objectives for the investigation of the proposed topic. Discussion: Based on the knowledge of the mechanisms of disruption of the intestinal microbiota, combined with the neurobiology of mental disorders, it is possible to associate psychobiotic medications as treatment enhancers in the approach to mental health. Since, the state of eubiosis can directly contribute to the success of pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop a healthy intestinal microbiota to achieve homeostasis, ensuring protection, maintenance of the immune function of the intestinal mucosa, absorption of nutrients and regulation of neurotransmitters important in mental health.
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