Comorbidity between bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2022.v12.295Keywords:
Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, ComorbidityAbstract
Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are highly comorbid. This comorbidity is associated with a significant clinical impact. This article reviews available data on epidemiological aspects, clinical features, and treatment options for the BD-OCD comorbidity. Methods: A non-systematic literature review was performed in the PUBMED database, in English. The following keywords were included in the search: obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, comorbidity. Results: Among the samples of patients with BD, the prevalence of comorbid OCD was estimated to be about 17%. Among samples of patients with OCD, the prevalence of TB was estimated to be approximately 18%. Data on the diagnostic validity of the comorbidity are limited. BD-OCD patients seem to have an episodic course of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) more frequently than OCD patients without TB. Comorbidity seems to be associated with a higher total number of depressive episodes and a more frequent occurrence of suicidal behavior. Obsessive contents of symmetry, aggression, religiosity, and accumulation seem to be more frequent in patients with BD-OCD. The use of mood stabilizers is the main treatment strategy. Conclusion: The prevalence of comorbidity seems to be relevant. BD-OCD may be associated with particular clinical characteristics. Data on the diagnostic validity of comorbidity are inconclusive. Mood stabilization is the first objective in clinical management.
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