Avaliação da prática de terapia complementar espiritual/religiosa em saúde mental

Juliane Gonçalves; Giancarl Lucchetti; Frederico C. Leão; Paulo R. Menezes; Homero Vallada

doi:10.25118/2236-918X-5-6-4

Autores/as

Juliane Gonçalves Mestre. Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP.
Giancarl Lucchetti Professor adjunto, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, MG.
Frederico C. Leão Coordenador do Programa de Saúde, Espiritualidade e Religiosidade (ProSER), Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPq), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.
Paulo R. Menezes Professor titular, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo, SP.
Homero Vallada Professor associado, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo, SP.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25118/2236-918X-5-6-4

Palabras clave:

Espiritualidade, religião e medicina, terapia complementar, ensaios clínicos randomizados

Resumen

Diversos estudos têm sido publicados sobre a infl uência as crenças e práti cas espirituais e religiosas na saúde mental. Diante de tais evidências, foram propostas estratégias com o objeti vo de esti mular a dimensão espiritual de pacientes, focando-se principalmente no enfrentamento de diferentes doenças. Porém, ainda são poucos os estudos que avaliam os possíveis efeitos e mecanismos de ação dessas intervenções espirituais/religiosas (IERs) através de ensaios clínicos randomizados. De acordo com a literatura cientí fi ca, as IERs têm obti do resultados similares ou superiores a outras abordagens complementares em saúde, incluindo redução de sintomas de ansiedade e estresse, diminuição na intensidade do consumo de drogas, menor exaustão emocional em profi ssionais da saúde e uma tendência a menor sintomatologia depressiva. Comoessas intervenções são heterogêneas, há uma discussão acerca da adequação dos conteúdos das IERs, na tentati va de uniformizar o treinamento dos profi ssionais de saúde e o material ofertado aos pacientes. Notase, também, a necessidade de um cuidado no desenho metodológico desse ti po de intervenção, com a realização de estudos com metodologias mais robustas. A busca e avaliação dessas novas intervenções poderão auxiliar no desenvolvimento de estratégias mais integrati vas, facilitando o tratamento complementar em saúde mental.

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