Transtornos relacionados ao uso de álcool e as mulheres: impacto nos circuitos integrativos e de neurorregulação do estresse

Jerônimo de A. Mendes Ribeiro; Joel Rennó Junior; Hewdy Lobo Ribeiro; Amaury Cantilino; Gislene Valadares; Renan Rocha; Antônio Geraldo da Silva

doi:10.25118/2236-918X-7-3-5

Autores/as

Jerônimo de A. Mendes Ribeiro Psiquiatra. Clinical Fellow in Women’s Mental Health, Mood Disorders Program and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canadá.
Joel Rennó Junior Diretor https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1954-5898
Hewdy Lobo Ribeiro Psiquiatra, Pro-Mulher, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.
Amaury Cantilino Professor adjunto, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE. Diretor, Programa de Saúde Mental da Mulher, UFPE, Recife, PE.
Gislene Valadares Membro fundadora, Serviço de Saúde Mental da Mulher, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG; Seção de Saúde Mental da Mulher, WPA; e International Association of Women’s Mental Health.
Renan Rocha Coordenador, Serviço de Saúde Mental da Mulher, Clínicas Integradas da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC.
Antônio Geraldo da Silva Diretor científico, PROPSIQ. 7 Presidente, APAL. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3423-7076

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25118/2236-918X-7-3-5

Palabras clave:

Álcool, mulheres, resposta ao estresse, diferenças entre os sexos

Resumen

Disfunções na resposta ao estresse podem exercer um importante papel em alguns transtornos mentais. Uma gama cada vez maior de estudos demonstra que existem diferenças entre os sexos na prevalência de transtornos relacionados ao estresse e que mulheres com transtornos por uso de álcool têm diferentes desfechos negativos no funcionamento cerebral e em mecanismos de neuroadaptação quando comparadas aos homens. O consumo de álcool tem sido associado a alterações sutis e em longo prazo no eixo hipotálamohipófise-adrenal, que afetam a resposta adaptativa nos circuitos de neurorregulação do estresse. Pesquisas futuras nesse campo podem impactar positivamente o desenvolvimento de estratégias terapêuticas que levem em consideração abordagens gênero-específicas.

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