O papel da alimentação emocional como mecanismo de alívio do sofrimento psicológico e seu impacto no bem-estar geral
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2024.v14.1268Palavras-chave:
alimentação emocional, comida reconfortante, estresse, dopamina, sistema de recompensa, alívio temporário, obesidadeResumo
A alimentação emocional, caracterizada pelo consumo de alimentos altamente palatáveis e densos em calorias em resposta ao sofrimento psicológico e às emoções negativas, representa um desafio significativo para a saúde pública e o bem-estar globais. Com base nos estudos que mostram a complexa interação entre estados emocionais e escolhas alimentares, destacou o papel motivacional da busca de alívio, que, de acordo com a teoria de redução de impulsos de Hull, enfatiza o papel dos impulsos internos e dos sinais externos. A incapacidade de lidar com sentimentos negativos e/ou alta tensão indica que a regulação emocional pode ser um factor crítico na manutenção do bem-estar, uma vez que a regulação adaptativa protege contra emoções negativas e factores de stress externos; que, se não for desenvolvido adequadamente, pode levar a estratégias de enfrentamento evitativas, o que pode contribuir para sintomas de transtorno alimentar. Portanto, a desregulação da ingestão alimentar hedônica e homeostática, o comprometimento do controle cortical e as alterações na sinalização intestinal estão implicados na obesidade desencadeada pela alimentação induzida pelo estresse. Portanto, esta revisão visa discutir melhor essas observações para proporcionar uma melhor compreensão do papel da alimentação emocional no alívio do sofrimento psicológico, enfatizando o impacto da comida no sistema de recompensa; ao mesmo tempo que fornece insights sobre abordagens holísticas emergentes de mitigação que, ao promover mecanismos alternativos de enfrentamento e nutrição e suplementação adequadas, podem ajudar a auxiliar o gerenciamento emocional da alimentação e reduzir a carga sobre doenças relacionadas a essas doenças.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Joanna Michalina Jurek, Agnieszka Maruda
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