Como a pandemia de COVID-19 afetou os hábitos de sono das crianças e dos adolescentes: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2023.v13.792Palavras-chave:
sono, crianças, adolescentes, transtornos do neurodesenvolvimentoResumo
Introdução: O sono é um construto multimodal que se relaciona à qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes. Portanto, problemas ligados ao sono podem afetar a atenção, comportamentos externalizadores e internalizadores. Durante a pandemia, crianças e adolescentes foram apontados como grupos de risco para o desenvolvimento de problemas de sono comparados com outros grupos etários. Objetivo: Realizar uma busca sistemática na literatura médica para investigar os efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19 sobre os hábitos de sono de crianças e adolescentes. Metodologia: A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scopus e Cochrane Library. Após processo de seleção e leitura, 133 artigos, com 234.852 participantes de 45 países, preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Analisamos dados de duração do sono, horas de acordar e de dormir, fatores de risco e as particularidades de indivíduos com transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento. Resultados: Observou-se aumento nas horas de sono, atraso na hora de acordar, e queda na qualidade do sono. Entre os fatores de risco, foram analisados idade, gênero, diagnóstico prévio, tempo de tela e sedentarismo. Para crianças com transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento, a heterogeneidade das metodologias e as limitações da amostragem inviabilizam generalizações. Conclusão: O principal problema identificado não foram as horas de sono, mas o aumento da frequência de transtornos relacionados ao sono e mudanças no seu ritmo. O entendimento dessas mudanças pode auxiliar no esclarecimento dos efeitos de longo prazo e das consequências relacionadas à pandemia, à relação entre sono e estresse e outros transtornos, necessários para repensar a rotina dessa população.
Downloads
Métricas
Referências
Dumuid D, Olds T, Lewis LK, Martin-Fernández JA, Katzmarzyk PT, Barreira T, Broyles ST, Chaput JP, Fogelholm M, Hu G, Kuriyan R, Kurpad A, Lambert EV, Maia J, Matsudo V, Onywera VO, Sarmiento OL, Standage M, Tremblay MS, Tudor-Locke C, Zhao P, Gillison F, Maher C; International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) research group. Health-related quality of life and lifestyle behavior clusters in school-aged children from 12 countries. J Pediatr. 2017;183:178-183.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.12.048 PMID:28081885
López-Bueno R, López-Sánchez GF, Casajús JA, Calatayud J, Tully MA, Smith L. Potential health-related behaviors for pre-school and school-aged children during COVID-19 lockdown: a narrative review. Prev Med. 2021;143:106349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106349 PMID:33271236 PMCID:PMC7701882
Mindell JA, Williamson AA. Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: sleep, development, and beyond. Sleep Med Rev. 2018;40:93-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2017.10.007 PMID:29195725 - PMCID:PMC6587181
Matricciani L, Paquet C, Galland B, Short M, Olds T. Children's sleep and health: a meta-review. Sleep Med Rev. 2019;46:136-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2019.04.011 - PMID:31121414
Kelly RJ, El-Sheikh M. Reciprocal relations between children's sleep and their adjustment over time. Dev Psychol. 2014;50(4):1137-47. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034501 PMID:24188035
Huhdanpaa H, Morales-Munoz I, Aronen ET, Polkki P, Saarenpaa-Heikkila O, Paunio T, Kylliainen A, Paavonen EJ. Sleep difficulties in infancy are associated with symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity at the age of 5 years: a longitudinal study. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2019;40(6):432-40. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000684 - PMID:31166249 PMCID:PMC6738636
Mazurek MO, Dovgan K, Neumeyer AM, Malow BA. Course and predictors of sleep and co-occurring problems in children with autism spectrum disorder. J Autism Dev Disord. 2019;49(5):2101-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03894-5 - PMID:30684086
Lin J, Magiati I, Chiong SHR, Singhal S, Riard N, Ng IH, Muller-Riemenschneider F, Wong CM. The relationship among screen use, sleep, and emotional/behavioral difficulties in preschool children with neurodevelopmental disorders. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2019;40(7):519-29. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000683 - PMID:31107771
Keller PS, El-Sheikh M, Buckhalt JA. Children's attachment to parents and their academic functioning: sleep disruptions as moderators of effects. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2008;29(6):441-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0b013e318182a9b4 - PMID:18714206
Chaput JP, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Carson V, Gruber R, Olds T, Weiss SK, Connor Gorber S, Kho ME, Sampson M, Belanger K, Eryuzlu S, Callender L, Tremblay MS. Systematic review of the relationships between sleep duration and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6 Suppl 3):S266-82. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0627 PMID:27306433
Dai Y, Liu J. Parental perceived child sleep problems: a concept analysis. J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2021;26(2):e12327. https://doi.org/10.1111/jspn.12327 - PMID:33493387
Navarro-Soria I, Real-Fernández M, Juárez-Ruiz de Mier R, Costa-López B, Sánchez M, Lavigne R. Consequences of confinement due to COVID-19 in Spain on anxiety, sleep and executive functioning of children and adolescents with ADHD. Sustain. 2021;13(5):2487. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052487
Bruni O, Melegari MG, Breda M, Cedrone A, Finotti E, Malorgio E, Doria M, Ferri R. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep in children with autism spectrum disorders. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(1):137-43. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.9518 - PMID:34241594 - PMCID:PMC8807895
Jahrami HA, Alhaj OA, Humood AM, Alenezi AF, Fekih-Romdhane F, AlRasheed MM, Saif ZQ, Bragazzi NL, Pandi-Perumal SR, BaHammam AS, Vitiello MV. Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Sleep Med Rev. 2022;62:101591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101591 - PMID:35131664 PMCID:PMC8782754
Miranda DM, Athanasio B, Sena A, Argelazi RL, Silva A. How the COVID-19 pandemic has affected children and adolescents’ sleep habits. Charlottesville (VA): OSF; 2022. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8KXJW
Alonso-Martínez AM, Ramírez-Vélez R, García-Alonso Y, Izquierdo M, García-Hermoso A. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and self-regulation in Spanish preschoolers during the COVID-19 lockdown. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2):693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020693 - PMID:33467399 - PMCID:PMC7830291
Genta FD, Rodrigues Neto GB, Sunfeld JPV, Porto JF, Xavier AD, Moreno CRC, Lorenzi-Filho G, Genta PR. COVID-19 pandemic impact on sleep habits, chronotype, and health-related quality of life among high school students: a longitudinal study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021;17(7):1371-7. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.9196 PMID:33666168 - PMCID:PMC8314620
Komada Y, Ishibashi Y, Hagiwara S, Kobori M, Shimura A. A longitudinal study of subjective daytime sleepiness changes in elementary school children following a temporary school closure due to COVID-19. Children (Basel). 2021;8(3):183. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8030183 PMID:33804339 - PMCID:PMC7999031
Markovic A, Muhlematter C, Beaugrand M, Camos V, Kurth S. Severe effects of the COVID-19 confinement on young children's sleep: a longitudinal study identifying risk and protective factors. J Sleep Res. 2021;30(5):e13314. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13314 - PMID:33601475 PMCID:PMC7995145.
Abid R, Ammar A, Maaloul R, Souissi N, Hammouda O. Effect of COVID-19-related home confinement on sleep quality, screen time and physical activity in tunisian boys and girls: a survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):3065. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063065 PMID:33809697 PMCID:PMC8002304
Adibelli D, Sumen A. The effect of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on health-related quality of life in children. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2020;119:105595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105595 - PMID:33071408 - PMCID:PMC7550976
Aguilar-Farias N, Toledo-Vargas M, Miranda-Marquez S, Cortinez-O'Ryan A, Cristi-Montero C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez F, Martino-Fuentealba P, Okely AD, Del Pozo Cruz B. Sociodemographic predictors of changes in physical activity, screen time, and sleep among toddlers and preschoolers in Chile during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;18(1):176. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010176 - PMID:33383721 - PMCID:PMC7796176
Alamrawy RG, Fadl N, Khaled A. Psychiatric morbidity and dietary habits during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study among Egyptian Youth (14–24 years). Middle East Curr Psychiatry. 2021;28:6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-021-00085-w
Albrecht JN, Werner H, Rieger N, Widmer N, Janisch D, Huber R, Jenni OG. Association between homeschooling and adolescent sleep duration and health during COVID-19 pandemic high school closures. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(1):e2142100. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.42100 - PMID:34985517 - PMCID:PMC8733832
Ali A, Siddiqui AA, Arshad MS, Iqbal F, Arif TB. Effects of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on lifestyle and mental health of students: a retrospective study from Karachi, Pakistan. Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 2022;180(6):S29-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2021.02.004 - PMID:33612842 PMCID:PMC7883721
AMHSI Research Team; Milken Research Team; Roitblat Y, Burger J, Leit A, Nehuliaieva L, Umarova GS, Kaliberdenko V, Kulanthaivel S, Buchris N, Shterenshis M. Stay-at-home circumstances do not produce sleep disorders: an international survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychosom Res. 2020;139:110282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110282
PMID:33130483 - PMCID:PMC7587069
Androutsos O, Perperidi M, Georgiou C, Chouliaras G. Lifestyle changes and determinants of children's and adolescents' body weight increase during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Greece: the COV-EAT study. Nutrients. 2021;13(3):930. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030930 PMID:33805678 - PMCID:PMC7998995
Argiansya F, Soedjadhi R, Indra RM, Kesuma Y. Electronic media use and sleep disorders among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep Disord. 2021;2021:2096944. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2096944 - PMID:34457364 - PMCID:PMC8390128
Arévalo H, Triana MU, Santacruz JC. Impacto del aislamiento preventivo obligatorio en la actividad física diaria y en el peso de los niños durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Rev Colomb Cardiol. 2020;27(6):589-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccar.2020.09.003
Arufe-Giráldez V, Sanmiguel-Rodríguez A, Zagalaz-Sánchez ML, Cachón-Zagalaz J, González-Valero G. Sleep, physical activity and screens in 0-4 years Spanish children during the COVID-19 pandemic: were the WHO recommendations met? J Human Sport Exerc. 2022;17(3):484-503. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2022.173.02
Bacaro V, Chiabudini M, Buonanno C, De Bartolo P, Riemann D, Mancini F, Baglioni C. Sleep characteristics in Italian children during home confinement due to Covid-19 outbreak. Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2021;18(1):13-27. https://doi.org/10.36131/cnfioritieditore20210102
PMID:34909017 - PMCID:PMC8629041
Baptista AS, Prado IM, Perazzo MF, Pinho T, Paiva SM, Pordeus IA, Serra-Negra JM. Can children's oral hygiene and sleep routines be compromised during the COVID-19 pandemic? Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021;31(1):12-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12732 - PMID:32978848 PMCID:PMC7537505
Becker SP, Dvorsky MR, Breaux R, Cusick CN, Taylor KP, Langberg JM. Prospective examination of adolescent sleep patterns and behaviors before and during COVID-19. Sleep. 2021;44(8):zsab054. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab054 - PMID:33631014 PMCID:PMC7928571
Berard M, Rattaz C, Peries M, Loubersac J, Munir K, Baghdadli A. Impact of containment and mitigation measures on children and youth with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic: report from the ELENA cohort. J Psychiatr Res. 2021;137:73-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.041 - PMID:33662654 - PMCID:PMC7898988
Bruni O, Malorgio E, Doria M, Finotti E, Spruyt K, Melegari MG, Villa MP, Ferri R. Changes in sleep patterns and disturbances in children and adolescents in Italy during the Covid-19 outbreak. Sleep Med. 2022;91:166-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.02.003 PMID:33618965 PMCID:PMC7871805
Bruni O, Breda M, Ferri R, Melegari MG. Changes in sleep patterns and disorders in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders and autism spectrum disorders during the COVID-19 lockdown. Brain Sci. 2021;11(9):1139. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091139 - PMID:34573161 - PMCID:PMC8469743
Brzek A, Strauss M, Sanchis-Gomar F, Leischik R. Physical activity, screen time, sedentary and sleeping habits of Polish preschoolers during the COVID-19 pandemic and WHO's recommendations: an observational cohort study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(21):11173. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111173 - PMID:34769692 PMCID:PMC8583704
Burkart S, Parker H, Weaver RG, Beets MW, Jones A, Adams EL, Chaput JP, Armstrong B. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on elementary schoolers' physical activity, sleep, screen time and diet: a quasi-experimental interrupted time series study. Pediatr Obes. 2022;17(1):e12846. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12846 - PMID:34409754 - PMCID:PMC8420216
Cachón-Zagalaz J, Zagalaz-Sánchez MAL, Arufe-Giráldez V, Sanmiguel-Rodríguez A, González-Valero G. Physical activity and daily routine among children aged 0-12 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2):703. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020703 - PMID:33467514 - PMCID:PMC7830357
Carroll N, Sadowski A, Laila A, Hruska V, Nixon M, Ma DWL, Haines J; On Behalf Of The Guelph Family Health Study. The impact of COVID-19 on health behavior, stress, financial and food security among middle to high income Canadian families with young children. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2352. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082352 - PMID:32784530 - PMCID:PMC7468859
Cassanello P, Ruiz-Botia I, Sala-Castellvi P, Martin JC, Martínez-Sanchez JM, Balaguer A. Comparing infant and toddler sleep patterns prior to and during the first wave of home confinement due to COVID-19 in Spain. Eur J Pediatr. 2022;181(4):1719-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04376-0 - PMID:35028727 - PMCID:PMC8757922
Cellini N, Di Giorgio E, Mioni G, Di Riso D. Sleep and psychological difficulties in Italian school-age children during COVID-19 lockdown. J Pediatr Psychol. 2021;46(2):153-67. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab003 - PMID:33517438 - PMCID:PMC7928801
Cerasuolo M, Malloggi S, Conte F, Albinni B, Rosa O, Rescott ML, Giganti F, Ficca G. The effects of the COVID19-related lockdown are modulated by age: an Italian study in toddlers and pre-schoolers. Brain Sci. 2021;11(8):1051. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081051 - PMID:34439670 PMCID:PMC8392271
Çetin FH, Uçar HN, Turkoglu S, Kahraman EM, Kuz M, Guleç A. Chronotypes and trauma reactions in children with ADHD in home confinement of COVID-19: full mediation effect of sleep problems. Chronobiol Int. 2020;37(8):1214-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2020.1785487 PMID:32856947
Chaturvedi K, Vishwakarma DK, Singh N. COVID-19 and its impact on education, social life and mental health of students: a survey. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2021;121:105866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105866 - PMID:33390636 - PMCID:PMC7762625
Chen X, Qi H, Liu R, Feng Y, Li W, Xiang M, Cheung T, Jackson T, Wang G, Xiang YT. Depression, anxiety and associated factors among Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19 outbreak: a comparison of two cross-sectional studies. Transl Psychiatry. 2021;11(1):148. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01271-4 - PMID:33654058 - PMCID:PMC7921611
Clarke J, Kipping R, Chambers S, Willis K, Taylor H, Brophy R, Hannam K, Simpson SA, Langford R. Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on preschool children's eating, activity and sleep behaviours: a qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(10):e051497. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051497 PMID:34663663 PMCID:PMC8523958
Datta R, Kundu K. Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on social life and sleep of Indian school going teenagers. Sleep Vigil. 2021;5(2):221-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41782-021-00147-3 PMID:34104854 - PMCID:PMC8176270
Di Giorgio E, Di Riso D, Mioni G, Cellini N. The interplay between mothers' and children behavioral and psychological factors during COVID-19: an Italian study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2021;30(9):1401-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01631-3 - PMID:32865654 PMCID:PMC7456665
Dellagiulia A, Lionetti F, Fasolo M, Verderame C, Sperati A, Alessandri G. Early impact of COVID-19 lockdown on children's sleep: a 4-week longitudinal study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2020;16(9):1639-40. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8648 - PMID:32620188 - PMCID:PMC7970607
Dubuc MM, Berrigan F, Goudreault M, Beaudoin S, Turcotte S. COVID-19 impact on adolescent 24 h movement behaviors. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(17):9256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179256 - PMID:34501845 - PMCID:PMC8431636
Dutta K, Mukherjee R, Sen D, Sahu S. Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep behavior and screen exposure time: an observational study among Indian school children. Biol Rhythm Res. 2020;53(4);628-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2020.1825284
Fasano MV, Padula M, Azrak MÁ, Avico AJ, Sala M, Andreoli MF. Consequences of lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic in lifestyle and emotional state of children in Argentina. Front Pediatr. 2021;9:660033. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.660033 - PMID:34336734 PMCID:PMC8316589
Fazeli S, Zeidi IM, Lin CY, Namdar P, Griffiths MD, Ahorsu DK, Pakpour AH. Depression, anxiety, and stress mediate the associations between internet gaming disorder, insomnia, and quality of life during the COVID-19 outbreak. Addict Behav Rep. 2020;12:100307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100307 - PMID:33110934 - PMCID:PMC7581367
Fidanci I, Aksoy H, Taci DY, Fidanci I, Baser DA, Cankurtaran M. Evaluation of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep disorders and nutrition in children. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(7):e14170. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14170 - PMID:33759311 - PMCID:PMC8250073
Fillon A, Lambert C, Tardieu M, Genin P, Larras B, Melsens P, Bois J, Pereira B, Fearnbach NS, Tremblay A, Duclos M, Thivel D. Impact of the COVID-19 confinement on movement behaviors among French young children: the ONAPS national survey. Minerva Pediatr (Torino). Epub 2021. https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-5276.21.06194-2 - PMID:34515438
Francisco R, Pedro M, Delvecchio E, Espada JP, Morales A, Mazzeschi C, Orgilés M. Psychological symptoms and behavioral changes in children and adolescents during the early phase of COVID-19 quarantine in three European countries. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:570164. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.570164 - PMID:33343415 - PMCID:PMC7744455
Garcia JM, Lawrence S, Brazendale K, Leahy N, Fukuda D. Brief report: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health behaviors in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Disabil Health J. 2021;14(2):101021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.101021 - PMID:33221246 PMCID:PMC9760178
Gatell-Carbó A, Alcover-Bloch E, Balaguer-Martínez JV, Pérez-Porcuna T, Esteller-Carceller M, Álvarez-Garcia P, Fortea-Gimeno E; Red de investigación en Atención Primaria de Pediatria de la Secció d’ Atenció Primària de la Societat Catalana de Pediatria (XaRePAP). State of child and adolescent mental health during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and at the beginning of the 2020-2021 school year. An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2021;95(5):354-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2021.08.004 - PMID:34756600 - PMCID:PMC8552816
Ghanamah R, Eghbaria-Ghanamah H. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral and emotional aspects and daily routines of Arab Israeli children. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):2946. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062946 - PMID:33805644 - PMCID:PMC7999135
Gruber R, Saha S, Somerville G, Boursier J, Wise MS. The impact of COVID-19 related school shutdown on sleep in adolescents: a natural experiment. Sleep Med. 2020;76:33-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.09.015 - PMID:33070000 - PMCID:PMC7508172
Gruber R, Gauthier-Gagne G, Voutou D, Somerville G, Saha S, Boursier J. Pre-pandemic sleep behavior and adolescents' stress during Covid-19: a prospective longitudinal study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2021;15:43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-021-00399-x - PMID:34461960 PMCID:PMC8404546
Guo YF, Liao MQ, Cai WL, Yu XX, Li SN, Ke XY, Tan SX, Luo ZY, Cui YF, Wang Q, Gao XP, Liu J, Liu YH, Zhu S, Zeng FF. Physical activity, screen exposure and sleep among students during the pandemic of COVID-19. Sci Rep. 2021;11:8529. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88071-4 PMID:33879822 - PMCID:PMC8058040
Gupta G, O'Brien LM, Dang LT, Shellhaas RA. Sleep of infants and toddlers during 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the midwestern United States. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(5):1225-34. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.9888 - PMID:35034686 - PMCID:PMC9059579
Huang S, Sun T, Zhu Y, Song S, Zhang J, Huang L, Chen Q, Peng G, Zhao D, Yu H, Jing J. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with asd and their families: an online survey in China. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021;14:289-97. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s293426 PMID:33692639 - PMCID:PMC7939504
Hyunshik K, Jiameng M, Sunkyoung L, Ying G. Change in Japanese children's 24-hour movement guidelines and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep. 2021;11:22972. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01803-4 - PMID:34836992 - PMCID:PMC8626449
Illingworth G, Mansfield KL, Espie CA, Fazel M, Waite F. Sleep in the time of COVID-19: findings from 17000 school-aged children and adolescents in the UK during the first national lockdown. Sleep Adv. 2022;3(1):zpab021. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab021 - PMID:35128401 PMCID:PMC8807290
James M, Jones H, Baig A, Marchant E, Waites T, Todd C, Hughes K, Brophy S. Factors influencing wellbeing in young people during COVID-19: a survey with 6291 young people in Wales. PLoS One. 2021;16(12):e0260640. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260640 PMID:34910753 - PMCID:PMC8673639
James M, Marchant E, Defeyter MA, Woodside J, Brophy S. Impact of school closures on the health and well-being of primary school children in Wales UK: a routine data linkage study using the HAPPEN Survey (2018-2020). BMJ Open. 2021;11(10):e051574. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051574 - PMID:34625414 - PMCID:PMC8503919
Jáuregui A, Argumedo G, Medina C, Bonvecchio-Arenas A, Romero-Martínez M, Okely AD. Factors associated with changes in movement behaviors in toddlers and preschoolers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national cross-sectional study in Mexico. Prev Med Rep. 2021;24:101552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101552 - PMID:34976621 - PMCID:PMC8683886
Kaditis AG, Ohler A, Gileles-Hillel A, Choshen-Hillel S, Gozal D, Bruni O, Aydinoz S, Cortese R, Kheirandish-Gozal L. Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on sleep duration in children and adolescents: a survey across different continents. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(7):2265-73. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.25367 - PMID:33887116 - PMCID:PMC8251495
Kahn M, Barnett N, Glazer A, Gradisar M. COVID-19 babies: auto-videosomnography and parent reports of infant sleep, screen time, and parent well-being in 2019 vs 2020. Sleep Med. 2021;85:259-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.07.033 - PMID:34388504 PMCID:PMC8418313
Kamaleddine AN, Antar HA, Ali BTA, Hammoudi SF, Lee J, Lee T, Bhang SY, Chung S, Salameh P. Effect of screen time on physical and mental health and eating habits during COVID-19 lockdown in Lebanon. Psychiatry Investig. 2022;19(3):220-8. https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2021.0239 - PMID:35330563 - PMCID:PMC8958203
Kaur R, Boobna T, Kallingal P. Effect of Covid-19 lockdown on Indian children with autism. Res Dev Disabil. 2022;125:104230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104230 - PMID:35367807 PMCID:PMC8964314
Knowland VCP, van Rijn E, Gaskell MG, Henderson L. UK children's sleep and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol. 2022;10(1):76. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-022-00729-4 PMID:35313993 - PMCID:PMC8936042
Kurz D, Braig S, Genuneit J, Rothenbacher D. Lifestyle changes, mental health, and health-related quality of life in children aged 6-7 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Germany. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2022;16(1):20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-022-00454-1 - PMID:35277185 - PMCID:PMC8915143
Latzer IT, Leitner Y, Karnieli-Miller O. Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Autism. 2021;25(4):1047-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320984317 - PMID:33435701
Lavigne-Cerván R, Costa-López B, Juárez-Ruiz de Mier R, Real-Fernández M, Sánchez-Munoz de León M, Navarro-Soria I. Consequences of COVID-19 confinement on anxiety, sleep and executive functions of children and adolescents in Spain. Front Psychol. 2021;12:565516. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.565516 - PMID:33664690 - PMCID:PMC7921483
Lecuelle F, Leslie W, Huguelet S, Franco P, Putois B. Did the COVID-19 lockdown really have no impact on young children's sleep? J Clin Sleep Med. 2020;16(12):2121. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8806 - PMID:32975192 - PMCID:PMC7848939
Lehmann S, Skogen JC, Haug E, Maeland S, Fadnes LT, Sandal GM, Hysing M, Bjorknes R. Perceived consequences and worries among youth in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Scand J Public Health. 2021;49(7):755-65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494821993714 PMID:33645323 - PMCID:PMC8521367
Lim MTC, Ramamurthy MB, Aishworiya R, Rajgor DD, Tran AP, Hiriyur P, Kunaseelan S, Jabri M, Goh DYT. School closure during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic - impact on children's sleep. Sleep Med. 2021;78:108-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.12.025 PMID:33422812 - PMCID:PMC9762095
Liu Z, Tang H, Jin Q, Wang G, Yang Z, Chen H, Yan H, Rao W, Owens J. Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. J Sleep Res. 2021;30(1):e13142. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13142 - PMID:32716566
Lokhandwala S, Holmes JF, Mason GM, St Laurent CW, Delvey C, Hanron O, Andre C, Rodheim K, Kaur S, Spencer RMC. Sleep and coping in early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Pediatr. 2021;9:716608. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.716608 - PMID:34395348 PMCID:PMC8360857
López-Bueno R, López-Sánchez GF, Casajús JA, Calatayud J, Gil-Salmerón A, Grabovac I, Tully MA, Smith L. Health-related behaviors among school-aged children and adolescents during the Spanish Covid-19 confinement. Front Pediatr. 2020;8:573. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2020.00573 - PMID:33042917 - PMCID:PMC7516648
López-Gil JF, Tremblay MS, Brazo-Sayavera J. Changes in healthy behaviors and meeting 24-h movement guidelines in Spanish and Brazilian preschoolers, children and adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown. Children (Basel). 2021;8(2):83. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8020083 PMID:33530315 - PMCID:PMC7912043
Lu C, Chi X, Liang K, Chen ST, Huang L, Guo T, Jiao C, Yu Q, Veronese N, Soares FC, Grabovac I, Yeung A, Zou L. Moving more and sitting less as healthy lifestyle behaviors are protective factors for insomnia, depression, and anxiety among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2020;13:1223-33. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s284103 PMID:33364864 - PMCID:PMC7751784
Luszczki E, Bartosiewicz A, Pezdan-Sliz I, Kuchciak M, Jagielski P, Oleksy L, Stolarczyk A, Deren K. Children's eating habits, physical activity, sleep, and media usage before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Nutrients. 2021;13(7):2447. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072447 PMID:34371957 - PMCID:PMC8308833
Peddie MC, Scott T, Haszard JJ. Using a 24 h activity recall (STAR-24) to describe activity in adolescent boys in New Zealand: comparisons between a sample collected before, and a sample collected during the COVID-19 lockdown. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(15):8035. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158035 - PMID:34360325 - PMCID:PMC8345423
Masi A, Mendoza Diaz A, Tully L, Azim SI, Woolfenden S, Efron D, Eapen V. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities and their parents. J Paediatr Child Health. 2021;57(5):631-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.15285 PMID:33426739 - PMCID:PMC8014782
Medrano M, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Oses M, Arenaza L, Amasene M, Labayen I. Changes in lifestyle behaviours during the COVID-19 confinement in Spanish children: a longitudinal analysis from the MUGI project. Pediatr Obes. 2021;16(4):e12731. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12731 PMID:32975052
Mekkawy LH. Psychological, nutritional and behavioral impact of COVID-19 lockdown: a cross sectional study on Egyptian children. Psychiatry Investig. 2022;19(2):110-6. https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2021.0248 - PMID:35114784 - PMCID:PMC8898608
Mitra R, Moore SA, Gillespie M, Faulkner G, Vanderloo LM, Chulak-Bozzer T, Rhodes RE, Brussoni M, Tremblay MS. Healthy movement behaviours in children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: exploring the role of the neighbourhood environment. Health Place. 2020;65:102418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102418 - PMID:32871499 PMCID:PMC7455528
Moitra P, Madan J. Impact of screen time during COVID-19 on eating habits, physical activity, sleep, and depression symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Indian adolescents. PLoS One. 2022;17(3):e0264951. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264951 - PMID:35259203 PMCID:PMC8903250
Moore SA, Faulkner G, Rhodes RE, Vanderloo LM, Ferguson LJ, Guerrero MD, Brussoni M, Mitra R, O'Reilly N, Spence JC, Chulak-Bozzer T, Tremblay MS. Few Canadian children and youth were meeting the 24-hour movement behaviour guidelines 6-months into the COVID-19 pandemic: follow-up from a national study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2021;46(10):1225-40. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0354 - PMID:34370965
Morrison SA, Meh K, Sember V, Starc G, Jurak G. The effect of pandemic movement restriction policies on children's physical fitness, activity, screen time, and sleep. Front Public Health. 2021;9:785679. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.785679 - PMID:34938712 PMCID:PMC8685208
Moulin F, El-Aarbaoui T, Bustamante JJH, Héron M, Mary-Krause M, Rouquette A, Galéra C, Melchior M. Risk and protective factors related to children's symptoms of emotional difficulties and hyperactivity/inattention during the COVID-19-related lockdown in France: results from a community sample. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022;31(7):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01752-3 - PMID:33751230 - PMCID:PMC7942211
Murata S, Rezeppa T, Thoma B, Marengo L, Krancevich K, Chiyka E, Hayes B, Goodfriend E, Deal M, Zhong Y, Brummit B, Coury T, Riston S, Brent DA, Melhem NM. The psychiatric sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents, adults, and health care workers. Depress Anxiety. 2021;38(2):233-46. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.23120 - PMID:33368805 - PMCID:PMC7902409
Mutluer T, Doenyas C, Genc HA. Behavioral implications of the Covid-19 process for autism spectrum disorder, and individuals' comprehension of and reactions to the pandemic conditions. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:561882. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561882 - PMID:33304279 PMCID:PMC7701051
Nakachi K, Kawabe K, Hosokawa R, Yoshino A, Horiuchi F, Ueno SI. Differences in psychological and behavioral changes between children following school closure due to COVID-19. Psychiatry J. 2021;2021:5567732. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5567732 - PMID:34476256 PMCID:PMC8407978
Ng JYY, He Q, Chong KH, Okely AD, Chan CHS, Ha AS. The impact of COVID-19 on preschool-aged children's movement behaviors in Hong Kong: a longitudinal analysis of accelerometer-measured data. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(22):11907. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211907 - PMID:34831662 - PMCID:PMC8623956
O'Kane SM, Lahart IM, Gallagher AM, Carlin A, Faulkner M, Jago R, Murphy MH. Changes in physical activity, sleep, mental health, and social media use during COVID-19 lockdown among adolescent girls: a mixed-methods study. J Phys Act Health. 2021;18(6):677-85. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0649 - PMID:33979779
Okely AD, Kariippanon KE, Guan H, Taylor EK, Suesse T, Cross PL, Chong KH, Suherman A, Turab A, Staiano AE, Ha AS, El Hamdouchi A, Baig A, Poh BK, Del Pozo-Cruz B, Chan CHS, Nystrom CD, Koh D, Webster EK, Lubree H, Tang HK, Baddou I, Del Pozo-Cruz J, Wong JE, Sultoni K, Nacher M, Löf M, Cui M, Hossain MS, Chathurangana PWP, Kand U, Wickramasinghe VPP, Calleia R, Ferdous S, Van Kim T, Wang X, Draper CE. Global effect of COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep among 3- to 5-year-old children: a longitudinal study of 14 countries. BMC Public Health. 2021;21:940. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10852-3 PMID:34001086 - PMCID:PMC8128084
Paiva ED, Silva LRD, Machado MED, Aguiar RCB, Garcia KRDS, Acioly PGM. Child behavior during the social distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Bras Enferm. 2021;74 Suppl 1:e20200762. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0762 - PMID:33886839
Picca M, Manzoni P, Milani GP, Mantovani S, Cravidi C, Mariani D, Mezzopane A, Marinello R, Bove C, Ferri P, Macchi M, Agostoni C. Distance learning, technological devices, lifestyle and behavior of children and their family during the COVID-19 lockdown in Lombardy: a survey. Ital J Pediatr. 2021;47:203. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-021-01156-8 - PMID:34635133 PMCID:PMC8503704
Qi H, Liu R, Chen X, Yuan XF, Li YQ, Huang HH, Zheng Y, Wang G. Prevalence of anxiety and associated factors for Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19 outbreak. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2020;74(10):555-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13102 PMID:32613659 PMCID:PMC7362100
Rabbani M, Haque MM, Das Dipal D, Zarif MII, Iqbal A, Schwichtenberg A, Bansal N, Soron TR, Ahmed SI, Ahamed SI. An mCARE study on patterns of risk and resilience for children with ASD in Bangladesh. Sci Rep. 2021;11:21342. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00793-7 - PMID:34725409 - PMCID: PMC8560902
Raheja R, Pitman-Hunt C, Haidar S, Gjorgjevska S, Leja J. COVID-19 impact on pediatric health: a survey of families in Wayne County, MI. Glob Pediatr Health. 2021;8:2333794X211026190. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794x211026190 - PMID:34189184 PMCID: PMC8212359
Ranjbar K, Hosseinpour H, Shahriarirad R, Ghaem H, Jafari K, Rahimi T, Mirahmadizadeh A, Hosseinpour P. Students' attitude and sleep pattern during school closure following COVID-19 pandemic quarantine: a web-based survey in south of Iran. Environ Health Prev Med. 2021;26:33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-021-00950-4 - PMID:33691642 - PMCID:PMC7945607
Ravens-Sieberer U, Kaman A, Otto C, Adedeji A, Devine J, Erhart M, Napp AK, Becker M, Blanck-Stellmacher U, Loffler C, Schlack R, Hurrelmann K. Mental health and quality of life in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic-results of the copsy study. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2020;117(48):828-9. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2020.0828 - PMID:33568260 PMCID:PMC8005842
Rosenthal E, Franklin-Gillette S, Jung HJ, Nelson A, Evans SW, Power TJ, Yerys BE, Dever BV, Reckner E, DuPaul GJ. Impact of COVID-19 on youth with ADHD: predictors and moderators of response to pandemic restrictions on daily life. J Atten Disord. 2022;26(9):1223-34. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547211063641 - PMID:34920689
Saito M, Kikuchi Y, Lefor AK, Hoshina M. Mental health in Japanese children during school closures due to the COVID-19. Pediatr Int. 2022;64(1):e14718. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14718 PMID:33792099 - PMCID:PMC8250533
Sama BK, Kaur P, Thind PS, Verma MK, Kaur M, Singh DD. Implications of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown on children's behaviour in Punjab, India. Child Care Health Dev. 2021;47(1):128-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12816 - PMID:33047842 - PMCID:PMC7675304
Santos JS, Louzada FM. Changes in adolescents' sleep during COVID-19 outbreak reveal the inadequacy of early morning school schedules. Sleep Sci. 2022;15 Spec 1:74-9. https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-0063.20200127 - PMID:35273750 - PMCID:PMC8889976
Saurabh K, Ranjan S. Compliance and psychological impact of quarantine in children and adolescents due to Covid-19 pandemic. Indian J Pediatr. 2020;87(7):532-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03347-3 - PMID:32472347 - PMCID:PMC7257353
Saxvig IW, Pallesen S, Sivertsen B, Hysing M, Evanger LN, Bjorvatn B. Sleep during COVID-19-related school lockdown, a longitudinal study among high school students. J Sleep Res. 2022;31(2):e13499. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13499 - PMID:34601775 - PMCID:PMC8646238
Scarselli V, Martucci M, Prono F, Giovannone F, Sogos C. Sleep behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder during the Covid-19 pandemic: a parent survey. Clin Ter. 2022;173(1):88-90. https://doi.org/10.7417/ct.2022.2398 - PMID:35147653
Schwartz KD, Exner-Cortens D, McMorris CA, Makarenko E, Arnold P, Van Bavel M, Williams S, Canfield R. COVID-19 and student well-being: stress and mental health during return-to-school. Can J Sch Psychol. 2021;36(2):166-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/08295735211001653 PMID:34040284 - PMCID:PMC8114331
Ventura PS, Ortigoza AF, Castillo Y, Bosch Z, Casals S, Girbau C, Siurana JM, Arce A, Torres M, Herrero FJ. Children's health habits and COVID-19 lockdown in catalonia: implications for obesity and non-communicable diseases. Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1657. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051657 - PMID:34068354 - PMCID:PMC8153273
Shinomiya Y, Yoshizaki A, Murata E, Fujisawa TX, Taniike M, Mohri I. Sleep and the general behavior of infants and parents during the closure of schools as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic: comparison with 2019 data. Children (Basel). 2021;8(2):168. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8020168 - PMID:33671816 - PMCID:PMC7926370
Shneor E, Doron R, Levine J, Zimmerman DR, Benoit JS, Ostrin LA, Gordon-Shaag A. Objective behavioral measures in children before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown in Israel. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(16):8732. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168732 PMID:34444483 - PMCID:PMC8394769
Siachpazidou DI, Kotsiou OS, Chatziparasidis G, Papagiannis D, Vavougios GD, Gogou E, Stavrou VT, Gourgoulianis KI. Action and reaction of pre-primary and primary school-age children to restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic in Greece. J Pers Med. 2021;11(6):451. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060451 - PMID:34070992 - PMCID:PMC8224797
Silva BBL, Melo MCF, Studart-Pereira LM. Adolescents' sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep Sci. 2022;15 Spec 1:257-63. https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-0063.20220025 PMID:35273776 - PMCID:PMC8889975
Ramos Socarras L, Potvin J, Forest G. COVID-19 and sleep patterns in adolescents and young adults. Sleep Med. 2021;83:26-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.04.010 - PMID:33990063 PMCID:PMC9759936
Soneson E, Puntis S, Chapman N, Mansfield KL, Jones PB, Fazel M. Happier during lockdown: a descriptive analysis of self-reported wellbeing in 17,000 UK school students during Covid-19 lockdown. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2023;32(6):1131-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01934-z - PMID:35174418 - PMCID:PMC8853175
Stone JE, Phillips AJK, Chachos E, Hand AJ, Lu S, Carskadon MA, Klerman EB, Lockley SW, Wiley JF, Bei B, Rajaratnam SMW; CLASS Study Team. In-person vs home schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic: differences in sleep, circadian timing, and mood in early adolescence. J Pineal Res. 2021;71(2):e12757. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12757 - PMID:34273194 PMCID:PMC8420593
Swansburg R, Hai T, MacMaster FP, Lemay JF. Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle habits and mental health symptoms in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Canada. Paediatr Child Health. 2021;26(5):e199-207. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxab030 PMID:34326910 PMCID:PMC8194688
Szwarcwald CL, Malta DC, Barros MBA, Souza Júnior PRB, Romero D, Almeida WDS, Damacena GN, Werneck AO, Silva DRP, Lima MG, Gomes CS, Azevedo LO, Ferreira APS, Gracie R, Pina MF. Associations of sociodemographic factors and health behaviors with the emotional well-being of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(11):6160. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116160 - PMID:34200307 - PMCID:PMC8201123
Tardif-Grenier K, Archambault I, Dupere V, Marks AK, Olivier E. Canadian adolescents' internalized symptoms in pandemic times: association with sociodemographic characteristics, confinement habits, and support. Psychiatr Q. 2021;92(3):1309-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-021-09895-x - PMID:33768414 - PMCID:PMC7993855
Tiwari GK, Singh AK, Parihar P, Pandey R, Sharma DN, Rai PK. Understanding the perceived psychological distress and health outcomes of children during COVID-19 pandemic. Educ Dev Psychol. 2023;40(1)103-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/20590776.2021.1899749
Top FU, Cam HH. Sleep disturbances in school-aged children 6-12 years during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. J Pediatr Nurs. 2022;63:125-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2021.11.008 PMID:34801326 - PMCID:PMC9757998
Topic MK, Varga V, Jelovcic S. Digital technology use during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relations to sleep quality and life satisfaction in children and parents. Drustvena Istrazivanja. 2021;30(2):249-69. https://doi.org/10.5559/di.30.2.04
Tso WWY, Wong RS, Tung KTS, Rao N, Fu KW, Yam JCS, Chua GT, Chen EYH, Lee TMC, Chan SKW, Wong WHS, Xiong X, Chui CS, Li X, Wong K, Leung C, Tsang SKM, Chan GCF, Tam PKH, Chan KL, Kwan MYW, Ho MHK, Chow CB, Wong ICK, Lp P. Vulnerability and resilience in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022;31(1):161-76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01680-8 - PMID:33205284 - PMCID:PMC7671186
Turkoglu S, Uçar HN, Çetin FH, Guler HA, Tezcan ME. The relationship between chronotype, sleep, and autism symptom severity in children with ASD in COVID-19 home confinement period. Chronobiol Int. 2020;37(8):1207-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2020.1792485 PMID:32746638
Ueda R, Okada T, Kita Y, Ozawa Y, Inoue H, Shioda M, Kono Y, Kono C, Nakamura Y, Amemiya K, Ito A, Sugiura N, Matsuoka Y, Kaiga C, Kubota M, Ozawa H. The quality of life of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their parents during the Coronavirus disease 19 emergency in Japan. Sci Rep. 2021;11:3042. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82743-x - PMID:33589663 PMCID: PMC7884401
Wang W, Guo Y, Du X, Li W, Wu R, Guo L, Lu C. Associations between poor sleep quality, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents before and during COVID-19: a longitudinal study. Front Psychiatry. 2022;12:786640. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.786640 - PMID:35095601 - PMCID:PMC8795609
Wearick-Silva LE, Richter SA, Viola TW, Nunes ML; COVID-19 Sleep Research Group. Sleep quality among parents and their children during COVID-19 pandemic. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2022;98(3):248-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.07.002 - PMID:34480854 PMCID:PMC8432904
Weingart R, Bryan C, Olson D, Gazmararian J, Rosati B, Hale L, Gilder MV. Adolescent sleep duration and timing during early COVID-19 school closures. Sleep Health. 2021;7(5):543-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2021.07.003 - PMID:34417148 - PMCID:PMC8529859
Yang S, Guo B, Ao L, Yang C, Zhang L, Zhou J, Jia P. Obesity and activity patterns before and during COVID-19 lockdown among youths in China. Clin Obes. 2020;10(6):e12416. https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.12416 - PMID:33009706 - PMCID:PMC7646045
Windiani IGAT, Noviyani NMR, Adnyana IGANS, Murti NLSP, Soetjiningsih S. Prevalence of sleep disorders in adolescents and its relation with screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic era. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2021;9(B):297-300. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5974
Zengin M, Yayan EH, Vicnelioglu E. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's lifestyles and anxiety levels. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2021;34(3):236-42. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12316 - PMID:33793012 - PMCID:PMC8250568
Zhai X, Zeng J, Eshak ES, Zhang Y, Yang M, Di L, Xiang B, Cao J. The influencing factors of sleep quality among Chinese junior and senior high school adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Trop Pediatr. 2021;67(4):fmab069. https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmab069 PMID:34329443 - PMCID:PMC8385850
Zhan N, Zhang Y, Xie D, Geng F. The associations of parental COVID-19 related worries, lifestyles, and insomnia with child insomnia during the COVID-19 outbreak. J Sleep Res. 2022;31(5):e13590. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13590 - PMID:35362217 - PMCID:PMC9115149
Zhao Y, Guo Y, Xiao Y, Zhu R, Sun W, Huang W, Liang D, Tang L, Zhang F, Zhu D, Wu JL. The effects of online homeschooling on children, parents, and teachers of grades 1-9 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Med Sci Monit. 2020;26:e925591. https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.925591 PMID:32917849 - PMCID:PMC7507793
Zhou J, Yuan X, Qi H, Liu R, Li Y, Huang H, Chen X, Wang G. Prevalence of depression and its correlative factors among female adolescents in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. Global Health. 2020;16:69. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00601-3 PMID:32723373 PMCID:PMC7385712
Zhou SJ, Wang LL, Yang R, Yang XJ, Zhang LG, Guo ZC, Chen JC, Wang JQ, Chen JX. Sleep problems among Chinese adolescents and young adults during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic. Sleep Med. 2020;74:39-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.06.001 - PMID:32836185 PMCID:PMC7274988
Zreik G, Asraf K, Haimov I, Tikotzky L. Maternal perceptions of sleep problems among children and mothers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Israel. J Sleep Res. 2021;30(1):e13201. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13201 - PMID:32996188 - PMCID:PMC7536915
Li Y, Zhou Y, Ru T, Niu J, He M, Zhou G. How does the COVID-19 affect mental health and sleep among Chinese adolescents: a longitudinal follow-up study. Sleep Med. 2021;85:246-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.07.008 - PMID:34388503 - PMCID:PMC8418314
Bruni O, Ottaviano S, Guidetti V, Romoli M, Innocenzi M, Cortesi F, Giannotti F. The sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC). Construction and validation of an instrument to evaluate sleep disturbances in childhood and adolescence. J Sleep Res. 1996;5(4):251-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.1996.00251.x - PMID:9065877
Komada Y, Breugelmans R, Drake CL, Nakajima S, Tamura N, Tanaka H, Inoue S, Inoue Y. Social jetlag affects subjective daytime sleepiness in school-aged children and adolescents: a study using the Japanese version of the pediatric daytime sleepiness scale (PDSS-J). Chronobiol Int. 2016;33(10):1311-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2016.1213739 - PMID:27715324
Yoshizaki A, Mohri I, Yamamoto T, Shirota A, Okada S, Murata E, Hoshino K, Kato-Nishimura K, Matsuzawa S, Kato T, Taniike M. An interactive smartphone app, Nenne Navi, for improving children's sleep: pilot usability study. JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2020;3(2):e22102. https://doi.org/10.2196/22102 - PMID:33122163 - PMCID:PMC7738258
Owens JA, Spirito A, McGuinn M. The children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ): psychometric properties of a survey instrument for school-aged children. Sleep. 2000;23(8):1043-51. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/23.8.1d
Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28(2):193-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 - PMID:2748771
Liu X, Yang Y, Liu ZZ, Luo Y, Fan F, Jia CX. Psychometric properties of youth self-rating insomnia scale (YSIS) in Chinese adolescents. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2019;17:339-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-019-00222-3
Owens JA, Dalzell V. Use of the "BEARS" sleep screening tool in a pediatric residents' continuity clinic: a pilot study. Sleep Med. 2005;6(1):63-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2004.07.015 - PMID:15680298
Findlay G, Tononi G, Cirelli C. The evolving view of replay and its functions in wake and sleep. Sleep Adv. 2020;1(1):zpab002. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab002 - PMID:33644760 PMCID:PMC7898724
Olive LS, Sciberras E, Berkowitz TS, Hoare E, Telford RM, ONeil A, Mikocka-Walus A, Evans S, Hutchinson D, McGillivray JA, Berk M, Teague SJ, Wood AG, Olsson C, Westrupp EM. Child and parent physical activity, sleep, and screen time during COVID-19 and associations with mental health: implications for future psycho-cardiological disease? Front Psychiatry. 2022;12:774858. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.774858 - PMID:35242059 - PMCID:PMC8886612
Reséndiz-Aparicio JC. How the COVID-19 contingency affects children. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2021;78(3):216-24. https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.20000140 - PMID:34167146
Cortese S, Faraone SV, Konofal E, Lecendreux M. Sleep in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis of subjective and objective studies. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009;48(9):894-908. https://doi.org/10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181ac09c9 PMID:19625983
Devnani PA, Hegde AU. Autism and sleep disorders. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2015;10(4):304-7. https://doi.org/10.4103/1817-1745.174438 - PMID:26962332 - PMCID:PMC4770638
Ganesan S, Magee M, Stone JE, Mulhall MD, Collins A, Howard ME, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Sletten TL. The impact of shift work on sleep, alertness and performance in healthcare workers. Sci Rep. 2019;9:4635. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40914-x - PMID:30874565 PMCID:PMC6420632
Roskoden FC, Kruger J, Vogt LJ, Gartner S, Hannich HJ, Steveling A, Lerch MM, Aghdassi AA. Physical activity, energy expenditure, nutritional habits, quality of sleep and stress levels in shift-working health care personnel. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169983. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169983 - PMID:28081231 - PMCID:PMC5231338
Werner H, Albrecht JN, Widmer N, Janisch D, Huber R, Jenni OG. Adolescents' preference for later school start times. J Sleep Res. 2022;31(1):e13401. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13401 PMCID:PMC9285070
Boergers J. Benefits of later school start times. Brown Univ Child Adolesc Behav Lett. 2015;31(1):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbl.30008
Qiu J, Morales-Munoz I. Associations between sleep and mental health in adolescents: results from the UK millennium cohort study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(3):1868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031868 - PMID:35162890 - PMCID:PMC8835146
Becker SP, Gregory AM. Editorial perspective: perils and promise for child and adolescent sleep and associated psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2020;61(7):757-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13278 PMID:32474941 - PMCID:PMC7300787
Ameis SH, Lai MC, Mulsant BH, Szatmari P. Coping, fostering resilience, and driving care innovation for autistic people and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Mol Autism. 2020;11(1):61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00365-y - PMID:32698850 PMCID:PMC7374665
Colizzi M, Sironi E, Antonini F, Ciceri ML, Bovo C, Zoccante L. Psychosocial and behavioral impact of COVID-19 in autism spectrum disorder: an online parent survey. Brain Sci. 2020;10(6):341. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060341 - PMID:32503172 - PMCID:PMC7349059
Ueda R, Okada T, Kita Y, Ozawa Y, Inoue H, Shioda M, Kono Y, Kono C, Nakamura Y, Amemiya K, Ito A, Sugiura N, Matsuoka Y, Kaiga C, Kubota M, Ozawa H. Psychological status associated with low quality of life in school-age children with neurodevelopmental disorders during COVID-19 stay-at-home period. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:676493. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.676493 PMID:34733180 - PMCID:PMC8558384
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Bruno da Silva Athanasio, Ana Cecília de Sena Oliveira, Rachel Leirner Argelaz, Ana Cristina Simões e Silva, Débora Marques de Miranda
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Debates em Psiquiatria permite que o (s) autor (es) mantenha(m) seus direitos autorais sem restrições. Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0) - Debates em Psiquiatria é regida pela licença CC-BY-NC
