A era dos antidepressivos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2011.v1.920Palavras-chave:
antidepressivos, depressãoResumo
Objetivo: Detectar através da análise da evolução histórica dos antidepressivos (ADs) e de seus putativos mecanismos de ação se há base cientifica que oriente seu emprego clínico. Método: análise de estudos clínicos e de revisões sistemáticas relevantes publicadas nos últimos sessenta anos sobre os mecanismos de ação e emprego clínico de ADs, sua relação com os sistemas de classificação diagnóstica em psiguiatria, com o papel das agências reguladoras e com a evolução do sistema de patentes vigentes.
Resultados: não é possível justificar com os dados clínico-cientificos disponíveis a escolha clínica desse ou daquele grupo de ADs. Conclusão: Estudos clínico abertos, duplo-cegos randomizados não se prestam à escolha do emprego clínico de um dado AD. Como “metanálises” são baseadas nos referidos estudos seus resultados são conflitantes. A escolha de um AD continua calcada na experiência do psiquiatra.
Downloads
Métricas
Referências
. Thase ME. — Are SNRIs more effective than SSRIs? A review of the current state of the controversy — Psychopharmacol. Bull. 2008 41(2): 58-85.
. Rappaport,)). - The boy who could not stop washing — 1989 — E.P Dutton, N. York.
. Kendell, R.E; Cooper, ).E; Gourlay, AJ; Copelland, ).R;; Sharpe. & Gurland, B)). — Diagnostic criteria of American and British psychiatrisess — Arch.Gen.Psychiatry 1971 25: 1223-130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1971.01750140027006
. Kendell, RE. — Psychiatric diagnosis in Britain and the United States Br.). Psychiatry 1975 9: 453-461.
. Bueno, ).R. — Considerações e questionamentos sobre o “espectro bipolar” — Psychiatry on line — Brasil 2007 (outubro) vol. 13, nº 10.
. Kristnan, V. & Nestler, E). - The molecular neurobiology of depression — Nature 2008 455(16): 894-902. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07455
. MccCall, WY. — Exploring the relationship between insomnia and depression — 2008 Psychiatry and Mental Health — Medscape 10/15/2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0084-3970(08)70630-3
. Lopez-lbor, )). — Depressive Aquivalente. Das depressive Syndrom Int. Symposium 1968 - Urban & Schwarzenberg, Múnchen.
. Lopez-Ibor)). — Masked depression and depressive equivalents in Kielholz, P (Ed) - Depressive Illness — An International Symposium — 1972, pp 38-44 Hans Huber Publishers, Bern.
. Kielholz, P. (ed) - Masked Depression — An International Synposium — 1973, Hans Huber Publishers, Bern.
. Lesse, S. (ed) - Masked Depression — 1974, Jason Aronson, Inc. New York, 369 pp.
. Kielholz, P. (ed) Depressive Illness — An International Symposium — 1972, Hans Huber Publishers, Bern, 302 pp.
. Ayd, E). Jr. — Recognizing the Depressive Patient and Essentials of management and treatment — 1961, Grune & Stratton, N. York, 138 p.
. Shepherd, M. — Psychiatric illness in General Practice — 1966, Oxford University Press, London, 203 p.
. Pôldinger, W. — Kompendium der Psychopharmakotherapie — 1967, Hoffman La Roche A. G..
. Montgomery, S.A, & den Boer, ).A. — SSRIs in Depression and Anxiety — 2001, Perspectives in Psychiatry, vol 8, 2nd ed. — John Wiley & Sons Ltd, London, 234 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0470846518
. Di Lampedusa, G.T. — Il Gattopardo — 1963, Universale Economica Feltrinelli Milano p 41.
. Jaspers, K. — Psychopthologie Générale — 1928, Librairie Félix Alcan, Paris — Traduit d'aprés la Troisiême Édition Allemande par A. KastleretJ . Mendousse.
. Schildkraut, )). — The cathecolamine hypothesis of effective disorders: a review of supporting evidence — 1965, Amer.). Pschiat. 122: 509- 516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.122.5.509
. Bunney, W.E, Jr. & Davis, J.M. — Norepinephrine in depressive reactions — 1965, Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 13: 483-490. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1965.01730060001001
. Bunney, W.E, Jr; Murphy, D.L; Goodwin, FK. & Borge, G.F. — The switch process from depression to mania: relationship to drugs which alter brain amines — 1970, Lancet |: 1022-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(70)91151-7
. Ashcroft, GW. Crawford, T.B.B; Eccleston, D; Sharman, D.F; MacDougall, E); Stanton, ).B. & Binns, J.K. — 5-Hydroxyindole compounds in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with psychiarric or neurological diseases — 1966, Lancet ii: 1049-1055. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(66)92028-9
. Bourne, H.R; Bunney, W.E.Jr.; Colburn, RW. Davis, J.M.; Davis, ).N. Shaw, D.M. & Coppen, AJ. — Noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytriptamine and 5 hydroxyindoleacetic acid in hindbrain of suicidal patients — 1968, Lancet ii: 805-810. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(68)92459-8
. Coppen, AJ.; Shaw, D.M. & Farrell, ).P — Potentiation of the antidepressive effect of a monoamine-oxidase inhibitor by tryptophan — 1963, Lancet i: 79-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(63)91084-5
. Coppen AJ; Shaw, D.M; Herzberg, B. & Maggs, R. — Tryptophan in the treatment of depression — 1967, Lancet il: 1178-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(67)91894-6
. Van Praag, H.M. — Antidepressants, catecholamines and 5-hydroxyindoles. Trends towards a more specific research in the field of antidepressants — 1967, Psychiat. Neurol, Neurochir. (Amst.) 70: 219-231.
. Bueno, ).R. & Himwich, H.E. — A dualistic approach to the biochemical problem in endogenous depression — 1967, Psychosomatics VII(2): 82-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-3182(67)72028-9
. Coppen, AJ. Gupta, R; Montgomery, S.A; Ghosek,K,; Bailey, ); Burns, B, & Ridder, ).). - Mianserin hydrochloride: a novel anti-depressant - 1976, 129: 342-345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.129.4.342
. Healy, D. — Let them eat Prozac — The unhealthy relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and depression — 2004, New York University Press, New York, pp 4-60.
. Le Fur G, Kabouche, M. & Uzan, A. — On the regional and specific serotonin reuptake inhibition by LM 5008 — 1978, Life Sci. 23: 1959-1966. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(78)90563-5
. Montgomery, S.A; Rani, SJ; McAuley R. & Montgomery, D.B. — The antidepressant efficacy of zimelidine and maproptiline — 1981a, Acta Psychiat. Scand. 290(suppl): 21-24.
. Montgomery, S.A; McAuley, R; Rani, SJ; Roy, D. & Montgomery, D.B. — A double-blind comparison of zimelidine and amitryptiline in endogenous depression — 1981b, Acta Psychiat. Scand. 290 (suppl): 25-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1981.tb00735.x
. Naylor, G)). & Martin, B — A double-blind out-patient trial of indalpine vs.mianserin — 1985, Brit. ). Psychiat. 147:306-309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.147.3.306
. Gisselman, A. — Activity and acceptability of indalpine in a double-blind study versus placebo 1984, LEncephale 10(5): 231-234.
Lôo, H:; Brukelfar, C; Poirier. M.F; Vanelle, J-M; Olié, )-P; Dennis, T. & Scatton, B. — Plasma 3,4 dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol and therapeutic response to maprotiline and indalpine in major depression — 1986, Neuropsychobiology 15: 62-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000118243
. Seletu,B, Schjerve M, Grúnberger, )., Schanda,H. & Arnold, O.H. —Fluvosamine — A new serotonin re-uptake inhibitor. First clinical and psychometric experience in depressed patients 1977, ). Neural Transmission 47: 17-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01252962
. Feldman, H.S. & Denber, H.C.B. — Long-term study of fluvoxamine: a new rapid-acting antidepressant 1982, Intl.Pharmacopsychiat. 17: 114-122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000468564
. De Wilde, JEM. & Doogan, D.P. — Fluvoxamine and chloroimipramine in endogenous depression - 1982, ).Affect.Disord. 4: 244-259. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(82)90009-X
. De Wilde, ).E.M, Mertens, C. & Wakelin, ).S. Clinical trials of fluvoxamine vs.chloroimipramine with single and three times daily dosing 1983(supp), Brit). clin. Pharmac. 15: 427-431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02133.x
. Dick. P. & Ferrero, E. —- A double-blind comparative study of the clinical efficacy of fluvoxamine and chloroimipramine — 1983(supp) Brit). clin. Pharmac. 15: 419-425. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02132.x
. Guelf, ).D. Dreyfus, ).F. & Pichot, P. — a double-blind controlled trial comparing fluvoxamine with imipramine 1983(supp) 15: 411-417. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02131.x
. WilsonW.H. Higano, H., Papadatos, Y, Kelwala, S. & Ban, T.A. — A double-blind placebo controlled study to compare the autonomic effects of fluvoxamine with those of amitryptiline and doxepin in healthy volunteers 1983(supp), 15: 385-392. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02129.x
. Siddiqui, V.A. Chakravarti, S.K. & Jessinger, D.K. — The tolerance and antidepressive activity of fuvoxamine as a single dose compared to a twice daily dosage — 1985 Curr.Med.Res. and Opinion 10(9): 681-691. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1185/03007998509109651
. Martin, AJ. Tebbs, V.M. & Ashford, )). — Affective disorder in general practice — Treatment of 6000 patients with fluvoxamine — 1987 — Pharmacotherapeutica 5(1): 40-49.
. Del Porto).A. Feijó de Mello, A. Ker-Correa, F, Santos Jr. A, Moreno, R.A, Rodrigues dos Santos, C.H, Chaves, AV, Versiani M, Nardi A.E, Oliveira, LR, Ribeiro,M.G, KapczinskiF, Gazalle, F, Frey, B. & Tamai, S. — Fluvoxamina no transtorno depressivo maior em estudo multicêntrico aberto — 2007 ).Bras.Psiquiatr. 56(1): 17-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852007000100006
. Montgomery, S.A; Bullock, T. & Pinder, RM. — The clinical profile of mianserin — 1997, Nordic ). Psychiat. 45(S24); 27-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/08039489109096679
. Danish University Antidepressant Group(DUAG) — Citalopram: clinical effect profile in comparison with clomipramine. A controlled multicenter study — 1986, Psychopharmacology 90: 131-138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00172884
. DUAG — Paroxetine: a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor showing better tolerance but weaker antidepressant effect than clomipramine in controlled multicenter study — 1990, ).Affect. Disord. 18:289-299. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(90)90081-I
. Anderson, M. — SSRIs versus tricyclic antidepressants in depressed in-patients: a metanalysis of efficacy and tolerability — 1998, Depress. Anxiety 7: 11-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6394(1998)7:1+<11::AID-DA4>3.3.CO;2-O
. Nemeroff, C.B.; Entsuah, A.R.; Benattin, |; Demitrack, M. Sloan, D.M. & Thase, M.E. — Comprehensive analysis Of remission (COMPARE) with venlafaxine versus SSRIs — 2008, Biol.Psychiat. 63: 424-434. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.06.027
. Kavijaran, H. — Venlafaxine and SSRIs: remission data revised — 2004, Brit.).Psychiat. 184:452-453. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.184.5.452-a
. Montgomery, S.A. & Anderson, H.F. — Escitalopram versus venlafaxine XR in the treatment of depression — 2006, Int.Clin.Psychopharmacol. 21: 297-309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-200609000-00008
. Thase, M.E. — Recent developments in the pharmacotherapy of depression — 2000, Psychiat.Clin.North America Annaul Drug Therapy 7: 151171.
. Thase, M.E. — Managing depressive and anxiety disorders with escitalopram — 2006, Expert Opin.Pharmacotherapy 7: 429-440. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.7.4.429
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2011 João Romildo Bueno
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Debates em Psiquiatria permite que o (s) autor (es) mantenha(m) seus direitos autorais sem restrições. Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0) - Debates em Psiquiatria é regida pela licença CC-BY-NC
