Estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) em psiquiatria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2013.v3.359Palabras clave:
terapia por estimulação elétrica/métodos, psiquiatria, depressão, doença de Alzheimer, tabagismoResumen
A estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) é uma nova proposta terapêutica em rápido desenvolvimento nos últimos anos, parecendo ser uma técnica promissora para o tratamento de vários transtornos psiquiátricos. Esta consiste na aplicação de uma corrente elétrica direta no cérebro, que flui entre dois eletrodos relativamente grandes (cátodo e ânodo). Durante a ETCC, uma corrente elétrica de baixa intensidade é aplicada através do couro cabeludo, penetrando no crânio e chegando ao córtex cerebral e podendo modificar o potencial de repouso da membrana neuronal, e, por conseguinte, modulando a taxa de disparo neuronal. O maior número de estudos tem se concentrado no tratamento da depressão e esquizofrenia, com resultados bastante promissores. No caso do uso de drogas, a ETCC também parece ser uma abordagem que pode auxiliar na diminuição de sinais e sintomas de abstinência. Em outras situações, a ETCC aparece ainda com resultados preliminares. Assim, o presente artigo consiste em revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o uso da ETCC para o tratamento dos transtornos psiquiátricos.
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