Afinal, o lítio é um teratógeno relevante?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25118/2763-9037.2013.v3.319Palavras-chave:
lítio, gravidez, teratogenicidadeResumo
O lítio já foi apontado nos anos de 1980 como um forte teratógeno. Uma revisão de estudos posteriores realizada nos anos 1990 estimou que o risco de malformações cardíacas era menor do que o relatado e deveria estar entre 0,9% a 12%. Este artigo revisa os dados destes estudos e assinala possíveis vieses que podem colocar em dúvida as estimativas aceitas na atualidade. Concluiu-se que, considerando as sérias limitações dos estudos retrospectivos, caso-controle e prospectivos sobre este tema, o potencial
teratogênico do lítio não deve ser desprezado e, portanto, é uma medicação que deve ser prescrita com muito critério durante a gravidez. Quando houver a exposição, é aconselhável realizar uma ecocardiografia fetal e neonatal para excluir a possibilidade de anomalias cardíacas. Antipsicóticos e lamotrigina podem ser possíveis alternativas para o tratamento do transtorno bipolar durante a gravidez.
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